{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,19]],"date-time":"2026-03-19T12:05:20Z","timestamp":1773921920279,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2001,9,1]],"date-time":"2001-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":999302400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Antimicrob Agents Chemother"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            The susceptibilities of\n            <jats:italic>Mycoplasma hominis<\/jats:italic>\n            ,\n            <jats:italic>Mycoplasma pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n            , and\n            <jats:italic>Ureaplasma urealyticum<\/jats:italic>\n            to eight new antimicrobial agents were determined by agar dilution.\n            <jats:italic>M. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n            was susceptible to the new glycylcycline GAR-936 at 0.12 \u03bcg\/ml and evernimicin at 4 \u03bcg\/ml, but it was resistant to linezolid. It was most susceptible to dirithromycin, quinupristin-dalfopristin, telithromycin, reference macrolides, and josamycin.\n            <jats:italic>M. hominis<\/jats:italic>\n            was susceptible to linezolid, evernimicin, and GAR-936. It was resistant to macrolides and the ketolide telithromycin but susceptible to quinupristin-dalfopristin and josamycin.\n            <jats:italic>U. urealyticum<\/jats:italic>\n            was susceptible to evernimicin (8 to 16 \u03bcg\/ml) and resistant to linezolid. It was less susceptible to GAR-936 (4.0 \u03bcg\/ml) than to tetracycline (0.5 \u03bcg\/ml). Telithromycin and quinupristin-dalfopristin were the most active agents against ureaplasmas (0.06 \u03bcg\/ml). The new quinolone gatifloxacin was active against\n            <jats:italic>M. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n            and\n            <jats:italic>M. hominis<\/jats:italic>\n            at 0.12 to 0.25 \u03bcg\/ml and active against ureaplasmas at 1.0 \u03bcg\/ml. The MICs of macrolides were markedly affected by pH, with an 8- to 32-fold increase in the susceptibility of\n            <jats:italic>M. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n            as the pH increased from 6.9 to 7.8. A similar increase in susceptibility with increasing pH was also observed with ureaplasmas. Tetracyclines showed a fourfold increase of activity as the pH decreased 1 U, whereas GAR-936 showed a fourfold decrease in activity with a decrease in pH.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.45.9.2604-2608.2001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,27]],"date-time":"2002-07-27T09:56:57Z","timestamp":1027763817000},"page":"2604-2608","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":134,"title":["Susceptibilities of\n            <i>Mycoplasma hominis, M. pneumoniae<\/i>\n            , and\n            <i>Ureaplasma urealyticum<\/i>\n            to GAR-936, Dalfopristin, Dirithromycin, Evernimicin, Gatifloxacin, Linezolid, Moxifloxacin, Quinupristin-Dalfopristin, and Telithromycin Compared to Their Susceptibilities to Reference Macrolides, Tetracyclines, and Quinolones"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"George E.","family":"Kenny","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Department of Pathobiology, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Frank D.","family":"Cartwright","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Department of Pathobiology, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.36.6.1322"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/39.suppl_1.59","article-title":"A review of the in-vitro activity of quinupristin-dalfopristin against intracellular pathogens and mycoplasmas.","volume":"39","author":"B\u00e9b\u00e9ar C.","year":"1997","unstructured":"B\u00e9b\u00e9ar C. Bouanchaud D. H. A review of the in-vitro activity of quinupristin-dalfopristin against intracellular pathogens and mycoplasmas. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 39 (Suppl. A) 1997 59 62","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","first-page":"189","article-title":"Determination of minimal inhibitory concentration","volume":"2","author":"B\u00e9b\u00e9ar C.","year":"1996","unstructured":"B\u00e9b\u00e9ar C. Robertson J. A. Determination of minimal inhibitory concentration Molecular and diagnostic procedures in mycoplasmology Tully J. G. Razin S. 2. Diagnostic procedures 1996 189 198 Academic Press New York, N.Y","journal-title":"Molecular and diagnostic procedures in mycoplasmology"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.44.7.1980-1982.2000"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.43.4.954"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/27.suppl_A.47","article-title":"Efficacy of clarithromycin against Mycoplasma pneumoniae.","volume":"27","author":"Cassell G. H.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Cassell G. H. Drnec J. Waites K. B. Pate M. S. Duffy L. B. Watson H. L. McIntosh J. C. Efficacy of clarithromycin against Mycoplasma pneumoniae. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 27 (Suppl. A) 1991 47 59","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.44.6.1413-1417.2000"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-583801-6.50029-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1115","DOI":"10.1099\/00222615-47-12-1115","article-title":"Comparative susceptibilities of various AIDS-associated and human genital tract mycoplasmas and strains of Mycoplasma pneumoniae to 10 classes of antimicrobial agent in vitro.","volume":"47","author":"Hannan P. C. T.","year":"1998","unstructured":"Hannan P. C. T. Comparative susceptibilities of various AIDS-associated and human genital tract mycoplasmas and strains of Mycoplasma pneumoniae to 10 classes of antimicrobial agent in vitro. J. Med. Microbiol. 47 1998 1115 1122","journal-title":"J. Med. Microbiol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.38.4.790"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.42.3.698"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1097\/00000441-196706000-00001","article-title":"Susceptibility of Mycoplasma pneumoniae to 21 antibiotics in vitro.","volume":"253","author":"Jao R. L.","year":"1967","unstructured":"Jao R. L. Finland M. Susceptibility of Mycoplasma pneumoniae to 21 antibiotics in vitro. Am. J. Med. Sci. 253 1967 639 650","journal-title":"Am. J. Med. Sci."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","unstructured":"Kenny\n              G. E.\n          Mycoplasmas\n          1991\n          478\n          482 1263\u20131264 and 1280. In A. Balows W. J. Hausler Jr. K. L. Herrman H. D. Isenberg and H. J. Shadomy (ed.) Manual of clinical microbiology. American Society for Microbiology Washington D.C."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.35.3.587"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S215","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/17.Supplement_1.S215","article-title":"Effect of pH, inoculum size and incubation time on the susceptibility of Ureaplasma urealyticum to erythromycin in vitro.","volume":"17","author":"Kenny G. E.","year":"1993","unstructured":"Kenny G. E. Cartwright F. D. Effect of pH, inoculum size and incubation time on the susceptibility of Ureaplasma urealyticum to erythromycin in vitro. Clin. Infect. Dis. 17 (Suppl. 1) 1993 S215 S218","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.38.11.2628"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.33.1.103"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1159\/000221891","article-title":"Human respiratory tract infection with mycoplasmas and their in vitro susceptibility to tetracyclines and some other antibiotics.","volume":"21","author":"Mardh P.-A.","year":"1975","unstructured":"Mardh P.-A. Human respiratory tract infection with mycoplasmas and their in vitro susceptibility to tetracyclines and some other antibiotics. Chemotherapy 21 (Suppl. 1) 1975 47 57","journal-title":"Chemotherapy"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(70)80485-1","article-title":"Resistance of Mycoplasma pneumoniae to erythromycin and other antibiotics.","volume":"76","author":"Niitu Y.","year":"1970","unstructured":"Niitu Y. Hasegawa S. Suetake T. Kubota H. Komatsu S. Horikawa M. Resistance of Mycoplasma pneumoniae to erythromycin and other antibiotics. J. Pediatr. 76 1970 438 443","journal-title":"J. Pediatr."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"736","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.43.4.738","article-title":"In vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of a novel glycylcycline, the 9-t-butylgycylamido derivative of minocycline (GAR-936).","volume":"43","author":"Petersen P. J.","year":"1999","unstructured":"Petersen P. J. Jacobus N. V. Weiss W. J. Sum P. E. Testa R. T. In vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of a novel glycylcycline, the 9-t-butylgycylamido derivative of minocycline (GAR-936). Antimicrob. Agents Chemother 43 1999 736 744","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"838","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01967388","article-title":"Comparative in vitro activity of azithromycin, clarithromycin, erythromycin, and lomefloxacin against Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Mycoplasma hominis and Ureaplasma urealyticum.","volume":"9","author":"Renaudin H.","year":"1990","unstructured":"Renaudin H. B\u00e9b\u00e9ar C. Comparative in vitro activity of azithromycin, clarithromycin, erythromycin, and lomefloxacin against Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Mycoplasma hominis and Ureaplasma urealyticum. Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. 9 1990 838 841","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0732-8893(94)90020-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"834","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01975836","article-title":"Effects of environmental factors on the in vitro potency of azithromycin.","volume":"10","author":"Retsema J. A.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Retsema J. A. Brennan L. A. Girard A. E. Effects of environmental factors on the in vitro potency of azithromycin. Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. 10 1991 834 842","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.29.2.350"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.28.1.141"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","first-page":"12","article-title":"In vitro comparison of the activity of doxycycline, tetracycline, erythromycin, and a new macrolide, CP 62993, against Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Mycoplasma hominis and Ureaplasma urealyticum.","volume":"53","author":"Rylander M.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Rylander M. Hallander H. O. In vitro comparison of the activity of doxycycline, tetracycline, erythromycin, and a new macrolide, CP 62993, against Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Mycoplasma hominis and Ureaplasma urealyticum. Scand. J. Infect. Dis. Suppl. 53 1988 12 17","journal-title":"Scand. J. Infect. Dis. Suppl."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/am.16.9.1288-1292.1968"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","first-page":"317","article-title":"Comparative in vitro sensitivity of Mycoplasma pneumoniae to rosaramicin, erythromycin, tetracycline and spectinomycin.","volume":"7","author":"Senterfit L. B.","year":"1981","unstructured":"Senterfit L. B. Comparative in vitro sensitivity of Mycoplasma pneumoniae to rosaramicin, erythromycin, tetracycline and spectinomycin. Drugs Exp. Clin. Res 7 1981 317 319","journal-title":"Drugs Exp. Clin. Res"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.41.10.2132"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a120727","article-title":"The effect of antibiotics on Mycoplasma pneumoniae in vitro and in vivo.","volume":"86","author":"Slotkin R. I.","year":"1967","unstructured":"Slotkin R. I. Clyde W. A. Jr. Denny F. W. The effect of antibiotics on Mycoplasma pneumoniae in vitro and in vivo. Am. J. Epidemiol. 86 1967 225 237","journal-title":"Am. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/18.3.359","article-title":"Resistance of Mycoplasma pneumoniae to macrolides, lincomycin, and streptogramin B.","volume":"18","author":"Stopler T.","year":"1986","unstructured":"Stopler T. Branski D. Resistance of Mycoplasma pneumoniae to macrolides, lincomycin, and streptogramin B. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 18 1986 359 364","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.32.10.1500"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.44.5.1381-1382.2000"}],"container-title":["Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/AAC.45.9.2604-2608.2001","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/AAC.45.9.2604-2608.2001","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,21]],"date-time":"2022-02-21T17:12:37Z","timestamp":1645463557000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/AAC.45.9.2604-2608.2001"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2001,9]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/AAC.45.9.2604-2608.2001"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/aac.45.9.2604-2608.2001","relation":{},"ISSN":["0066-4804","1098-6596"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0066-4804","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-6596","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2001,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2001-01-30","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2001-05-31","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2001-09-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}