{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T03:32:32Z","timestamp":1769916752979,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,5,1]],"date-time":"2003-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1051747200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Antimicrob Agents Chemother"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            The frequency of resistance to \u03b2-lactams among nosocomial isolates has been increasing due to extended-spectrum \u03b2-lactamase (ESBL)-producing enteric bacilli. Although clinical outcome data are desirable, assessment of clinical efficacy has been limited due to the lack of a statistically meaningful number of well-documented cases. Since time above the MIC (\n            <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>\n            &gt;MIC) is the pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) measure that best correlates with in vivo activity of \u03b2-lactams, a stochastic model was used to predict the probability of PK-PD target attainment ranging from 30 (P30) to 70% (P70)\n            <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>\n            &gt;MIC, for standard dosing regimens of both piperacillin-tazobactam and cefepime against\n            <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n            and\n            <jats:italic>Klebsiella pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n            ESBL phenotypes. The P70\/30\n            <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>\n            &gt;MIC for cefepime at 2 g every 12 h against\n            <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n            and\n            <jats:italic>K. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n            was 0.99\/1.0 and 0.96\/1.0 and for a regimen of 1 g every 12 h was 0.96\/1.0 and 0.93\/0.99, respectively. For piperacillin-tazobactam at 3.375 g every 4 h against\n            <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n            and\n            <jats:italic>K. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n            , the P70\/30\n            <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>\n            &gt;MIC was 0.77\/0.96 and 0.48\/0.77 and for a regimen of 3.375 g every 6 h was 0.28\/0.91 and 0.16\/0.69, respectively. These data suggest that the probability of achieving\n            <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>\n            &gt;MIC target attainment rates is generally higher with cefepime than with piperacillin-tazobactam for present-day ESBL-producing strains when one uses contemporary dosing regimens.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.47.5.1643-1646.2003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,4,22]],"date-time":"2003-04-22T21:03:23Z","timestamp":1051045403000},"page":"1643-1646","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":83,"title":["Pharmacokinetics-Pharmacodynamics of Cefepime and Piperacillin- Tazobactam against\n            <i>Escherichia coli<\/i>\n            and\n            <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae<\/i>\n            Strains Producing Extended-Spectrum \u03b2-Lactamases: Report from the ARREST Program"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"P. G.","family":"Ambrose","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cognigen Corporation, Buffalo, New York"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S. M.","family":"Bhavnani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cognigen Corporation, Buffalo, New York"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R. N.","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The JONES Group\/JMI Laboratories, North Liberty, Iowa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0732-8893(00)00185-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.31.1.55"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/clpt.1990.149"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brun-Buisson C. P. Legrand A. Phillippon F. Muntravers M. Ansquer and J. Duval. 1987. 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