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Using a beagle dog model, we show that an orally administered targeted recombinant \u03b2-lactamase enzyme eliminates the portion of parenteral ampicillin that is excreted into the small intestine, preventing ampicillin-induced changes to the fecal microbiota without affecting ampicillin levels in serum. In dogs receiving ampicillin, significant disruption of the fecal microbiota and the emergence of ampicillin-resistant\n            <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n            and TEM genes were observed, whereas in dogs treated with ampicillin in combination with an oral \u03b2-lactamase, these did not occur. These results suggest a new strategy for reducing antimicrobial resistance in humans.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.48.1.75-79.2004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,12,24]],"date-time":"2003-12-24T02:03:22Z","timestamp":1072231402000},"page":"75-79","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Orally Administered Targeted Recombinant Beta-Lactamase Prevents Ampicillin-Induced Selective Pressure on the Gut Microbiota: a Novel Approach to Reducing Antimicrobial Resistance"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Jaana","family":"Harmoinen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Clinical Veterinary Sciences, 00014-University of Helsinki, Helsinki"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Silja","family":"Mentula","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anaerobe Reference Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, National Public Health Institute (KTL), 00300 Helsinki"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matti","family":"Heikkila\u0308","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Clinical Veterinary Sciences, 00014-University of Helsinki, Helsinki"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michel","family":"van der Rest","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microscreen BV, 9713 GX Groningen, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pa\u0308ivi J.","family":"Rajala-Schultz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Curtis J.","family":"Donskey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Section, Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rafael","family":"Frias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Clinical Veterinary Sciences, 00014-University of Helsinki, Helsinki"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pertti","family":"Koski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ipsat Therapies Ltd., 00710 Helsinki"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nina","family":"Wickstrand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ipsat Therapies Ltd., 00710 Helsinki"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hannele","family":"Jousimies-Somer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anaerobe Reference Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, National Public Health Institute (KTL), 00300 Helsinki"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elias","family":"Westermarck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Clinical Veterinary Sciences, 00014-University of Helsinki, Helsinki"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kai","family":"Lindevall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Remedium Clinical Research\/Ipsat Therapies Ltd., 02630 Espoo, Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1054\/drup.2000.0167"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","first-page":"19","volume":"1","year":"1996","unstructured":"Batt, R. 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