{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:16:39Z","timestamp":1777594599159,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,5,1]],"date-time":"2004-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1083369600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Antimicrob Agents Chemother"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>Numerous studies have described a strong association between respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection in infancy and the development of recurrent wheezing and airway hyperresponsiveness. We evaluated the effect of an anti-RSV neutralizing monoclonal antibody (palivizumab) on different aspects of RSV disease by using a murine model. BALB\/c mice were intranasally inoculated with RSV A2. Palivizumab or an isotype-matched control antibody was administered once at 24 h before inoculation, 1 h after inoculation, or 48 h after inoculation. Regardless of the timing of administration, all mice treated with the neutralizing antibody showed significantly decreased RSV loads in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and lung specimens compared with those of infected controls. Pulmonary histopathologic scores, airway obstruction measured by plethysmography, and airway hyperresponsiveness after methacholine challenge were significantly reduced in mice treated with the anti-RSV antibody 24 h before inoculation compared with those for untreated controls. Concentrations of interferon-gamma, interleukin-10, macrophage inflammatory protein 1\u03b1, regulated on activation normal T-cell expressed and secreted (RANTES), and eotaxin in BAL fluids were also significantly reduced in mice treated with palivizumab 24 h before inoculation. This study demonstrates that reduced RSV replication was associated with significant modulation of inflammatory and clinical markers of acute disease severity and significant improvement of the long-term pulmonary abnormalities. Studies to determine whether strategies aimed at preventing or reducing RSV replication could decrease the long-term morbidity associated with RSV infection in children should be considered.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.48.5.1811-1822.2004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,4,22]],"date-time":"2004-04-22T19:58:16Z","timestamp":1082663896000},"page":"1811-1822","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":86,"title":["Anti-Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Neutralizing Antibody Decreases Lung Inflammation, Airway Obstruction, and Airway Hyperresponsiveness in a Murine RSV Model"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Asuncio\u0301n","family":"Meji\u0301as","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Susana","family":"Cha\u0301vez-Bueno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ana Mari\u0301a","family":"Ri\u0301os","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jesu\u0301s","family":"Saavedra-Lozano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mo\u0301nica","family":"Fonseca Aten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeanine","family":"Hatfield","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Payal","family":"Kapur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas and Children's Medical Center of Dallas, Dallas, Texas"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ana Mari\u0301a","family":"Go\u0301mez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas and Children's Medical Center of Dallas, Dallas, Texas"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hasan S.","family":"Jafri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Octavio","family":"Ramilo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1211","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.102.5.1211","volume":"102","year":"1998","unstructured":"American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Infectious Diseases, Committee on Fetus and Newborn. 1998. Prevention of respiratory syncytial virus infections: indications for the use of palivizumab and update on the use of RSV-IGIV. Pediatrics102:1211-1216.","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.99.4.645","volume":"99","year":"1997","unstructured":"American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Infectious Diseases, Committee on Fetus and Newborn. 1997. Respiratory syncytial virus immune globulin intravenous: indications for use. Pediatrics99:645-650.","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mai.2003.108"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/340024"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1096","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.164.2.1096","volume":"164","year":"2000","unstructured":"Campbell, E., S. L. Kunkel, R. M. Strieter, and N. W. Lukacs. 2000. Differential roles of IL-18 in allergic airway disease: induction of eotaxin by resident cell populations exacerbates eosinophil accumulation. J. Immunol.164:1096-1102.","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7047","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.161.12.7047","volume":"161","year":"1998","unstructured":"Campbell, E. M., S. L. Kunkel, R. M. Strieter, and N. W. Lukacs. 1998. Temporal role of chemokines in a murine model of cockroach allergen-induced airway hyperreactivity and eosinophilia. J. Immunol.161:7047-7053.","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.168.3.1163"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1348-0421.1992.tb02045.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.65.3.1634-1637.1991"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/cimm.2000.1730"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/174.3.456"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/172.2.389"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.188.1.157"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-199308000-00013"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.1890260207"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199311183292102"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/344644"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.156.3.9606031"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.69.6.3869-3876.2001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.47.5.1614-1620.2003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.75.22.10730-10737.2001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.76.14.6873-6881.2002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006454-199812000-00003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1386-6532(01)00159-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1521-4141(200109)31:9<2566::AID-IMMU2566>3.0.CO;2-L"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.102.3.531"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","unstructured":"Jafri H. S. S. Ch\u00e1vez-Bueno A. Mej\u00edas A. M. R\u00edos S. N. Shahryar M. Yusuf P. Kapur A. M. G\u00f3mez R. D. Hardy J. Hatfield B. B. Rogers K. Krisher and O. Ramilo. Respiratory syncytial virus lower respiratory tract infection induces acute pneumonia cytokine response airway obstruction and chronic inflammatory infiltrates associated with long-term airway hyperresponsiveness in a murine model. J. Infect. Dis. in press."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/514115"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2120","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.169.4.2120","volume":"169","year":"2002","unstructured":"Lukacs, N. W., A. John, A. Berlin, D. C. Bullard, R. Knibbs, and L. M. Stoolman. 2002. E- and P-selectins are essential for the development of cockroach allergen-induced airway responses. J. Immunol.169:2120-2125.","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.167.2.1060"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"824","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.165.6.2105062","volume":"165","year":"2002","unstructured":"Makela, M. J., A. Kanehiro, A. Dakhama, L. Borish, A. Joetham, R. Tripp, L. Anderson, and E. W. Gelfand. 2002. The failure of interleukin-10-deficient mice to develop airway hyperresponsiveness is overcome by respiratory syncytial virus infection in allergen-sensitized\/challenged mice. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med.165:824-831.","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/314523"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1097\/00006454-200005000-00001","volume":"19","year":"2000","unstructured":"Malley, R., L. Vernacchio, J. DeVincenzo, O. Ramilo, P. H. Dennehy, H. C. Meissner, W. C. Gruber, H. S. Jafri, P. J. Sanchez, K. Macdonald, J. B. Montana, C. M. Thompson, and D. M. Ambrosino. 2000. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to assess respiratory syncytial virus concentration and correlate results with inflammatory mediators in tracheal secretions. Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J.19:1-7.","journal-title":"Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199501193320301"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_2","first-page":"201","volume":"311","year":"1996","unstructured":"Neuzil, K. M., Y. W. Tang, and B. S. Graham. 1996. Protective role of TNF-\u03b1 in respiratory syncytial virus infection in vitro and in vivo. Am. J. Med. Sci.311:201-204.","journal-title":"Am. J. Med. Sci."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/171.3.584"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2222.1998.00438.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.46.7.2299-2302.2002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1089\/088282403763635429","volume":"16","year":"2003","unstructured":"Peebles, R. S., Jr., K. Hashimoto, and B. S. Graham. 2003. The complex relationship between respiratory syncytial virus and allergy in lung disease. Viral Immunol.16:25-34.","journal-title":"Viral Immunol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1096-9071(20000201)63:2<178::AID-JMV1013>3.0.CO;2-O"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-9071(199902)57:2<186::AID-JMV17>3.0.CO;2-Q"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"809","DOI":"10.3109\/01902149509031765","volume":"21","year":"1995","unstructured":"Piedimonte, G. 1995. Tachykinin peptides, receptors, and peptidases in airway disease. Exp. Lung Res.21:809-834.","journal-title":"Exp. Lung Res."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-200003000-00011","volume":"47","year":"2000","unstructured":"Piedimonte, G., K. A. King, N. L. Holmgren, P. J. Bertrand, M. M. Rodriguez, and R. L. Hirsch. 2000. A humanized monoclonal antibody against respiratory syncytial virus (palivizumab) inhibits RSV-induced neurogenic-mediated inflammation in rat airways. Pediatr. Res.47:351-356.","journal-title":"Pediatr. Res."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/315894"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1665","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.284.6330.1665","volume":"284","year":"1982","unstructured":"Pullan, C. R., and E. N. Hey. 1982. Wheezing, asthma, and pulmonary dysfunction 10 years after infection with respiratory syncytial virus in infancy. Br. Med. J. (Clin. Res. ed.)284:1665-1669.","journal-title":"Br. Med. J. (Clin. Res. ed.)"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1016\/S0891-5245(99)90039-1","volume":"13","year":"1999","unstructured":"Sandritter, T. 1999. Palivizumab for respiratory syncytial virus prophylaxis. J. Pediatr. Health Care13:191-197.","journal-title":"J. Pediatr. Health Care"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-3542(00)00111-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.162.2.9903057"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.282.15.1440"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.161.5.9906076"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.155.1.95"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/514208"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1096-9071(200010)62:2<257::AID-JMV19>3.0.CO;2-M"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/viro.2002.1382"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1097\/00006454-200205000-00033","volume":"21","year":"2002","unstructured":"Welliver, R. C., R. P. Garofalo, and P. L. Ogra. 2002. Beta-chemokines, but neither T helper type 1 nor T helper type 2 cytokines, correlate with severity of illness during respiratory syncytial virus infection. Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J.21:457-461.","journal-title":"Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1925","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.133.4.1925","volume":"133","year":"1984","unstructured":"Welliver, R. C., T. N. Kaul, M. Sun, and P. L. Ogra. 1984. Defective regulation of immune responses in respiratory syncytial virus infection. J. Immunol.133:1925-1930.","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/S0733-8627(03)00053-1","volume":"20","year":"2002","unstructured":"Wright, R. B., W. J. Pomerantz, and J. W. Luria. 2002. New approaches to respiratory infections in children. Bronchiolitis and croup. Emerg. Med. Clin. N. Am.20:93-114.","journal-title":"Emerg. Med. Clin. N. Am."}],"container-title":["Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/AAC.48.5.1811-1822.2004","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/AAC.48.5.1811-1822.2004","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,28]],"date-time":"2023-04-28T12:31:19Z","timestamp":1682685079000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/AAC.48.5.1811-1822.2004"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004,5]]},"references-count":57,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/AAC.48.5.1811-1822.2004"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/aac.48.5.1811-1822.2004","relation":{},"ISSN":["0066-4804","1098-6596"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0066-4804","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-6596","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2004,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2003-06-07","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2004-01-19","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2004-05-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}