{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T19:01:41Z","timestamp":1790362901128,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,6,1]],"date-time":"2004-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1086048000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Antimicrob Agents Chemother"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,6]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n Cefepime was evaluated in vivo against two inoculum sizes of four strains of\n Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n that produced extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) in a murine neutropenic thigh infection model to characterize the pharmacodynamic activity of cefepime in the presence of ESBL-producing bacteria and to evaluate if differences in lengths of cefepime exposure are required with various inocula. Three strains possessed a single enzyme each: TEM-10, TEM-12, and TEM-26. The fourth strain possessed two TEM-derived ESBLs and a third uncharacterized enzyme. Two non-ESBL-producing\n E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n strains were included for comparison. Mice received various doses of cefepime to achieve a spectrum of percentages of time the drug was above the MIC (%\n T<\/jats:italic>\n >MICs) for each isolate at both inocula. No significant difference in cefepime exposure was required to achieve similar bactericidal effects for ESBL- and non-ESBL-producing isolates when the starting inoculum was 10\n 5<\/jats:sup>\n CFU of\n E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n per thigh. The increased MICs observed in vitro for the ESBL-producing strains at 10\n 7<\/jats:sup>\n CFU\/ml did not predict the amount of exposure required to achieve a comparable level of bactericidal activity in vivo at the corresponding starting inoculum of 10\n 7<\/jats:sup>\n CFU\/thigh. Compared to the cefepime exposure in tests with the lower inoculum (10\n 5<\/jats:sup>\n CFU\/thigh), less exposure was required when the starting inoculum was 10\n 7<\/jats:sup>\n CFU\/thigh (%\n T<\/jats:italic>\n >MIC, 6% versus 26%), such that similar doses (in milligrams per kilogram of body weight) produced similar bactericidal effects with both inocula of ESBL-producing isolates. Equivalent exposures of cefepime produced similar effects against the microorganisms regardless of the presence of ESBL production. Pharmacodynamic profiling undertaken with conventional cefepime MIC determinations predicted in vivo microbial outcomes at both inoculum sizes for the ESBL-producing isolates evaluated in this study. These data support the use of conventional MIC determinations in the pharmacodynamic assessment of cefepime.\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.48.6.1941-1947.2004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,5,21]],"date-time":"2004-05-21T18:38:42Z","timestamp":1085164722000},"page":"1941-1947","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":69,"title":["Determination of the In Vivo Pharmacodynamic Profile of Cefepime against Extended-Spectrum-Beta-Lactamase-Producing\n Escherichia coli<\/i>\n at Various Inocula"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Dana","family":"Maglio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Anti-Infective Research and Development"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christine","family":"Ong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Anti-Infective Research and Development"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary Anne","family":"Banevicius","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Anti-Infective Research and Development"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiuming","family":"Geng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Anti-Infective Research and Development"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles H.","family":"Nightingale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Anti-Infective Research and Development"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David P.","family":"Nicolau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Anti-Infective Research and Development"},{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Hartford Hospital, Hartford, Connecticut 06102"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.42.9.2375"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/319610"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0732-8893(95)00053-D"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/516284"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"955","DOI":"10.1097\/00006454-199610000-00034","volume":"15","year":"1996","unstructured":"Craig, W. A., and D. Andes. 1996. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of antibiotics in otitis media. Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J.15:955-962.","journal-title":"Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1198-743x.2001.00330.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1300\/J100v05n02_05","volume":"5","year":"2001","unstructured":"Grant, E. M., P. G. Ambrose, D. P. Nicolau, C. H. Nightingale, and R. Quintiliani. 2001. Clinical efficacy of cefepime in pneumonia caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa.J. Infect. Dis. Pharmacother.5:43-55.","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis. Pharmacother."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.41.2.345"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/37.1.203"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","unstructured":"National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards. 2002. Methods for dilution antimicrobial susceptibility tests for bacteria that grow aerobically. Approved standard 12th ed. National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards Wayne Pa."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.39.6.2206-2212.2001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.41.5.1053"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/324742"}],"container-title":["Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/AAC.48.6.1941-1947.2004","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/AAC.48.6.1941-1947.2004","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,21]],"date-time":"2022-02-21T18:22:47Z","timestamp":1645467767000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/AAC.48.6.1941-1947.2004"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004,6]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/AAC.48.6.1941-1947.2004"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/aac.48.6.1941-1947.2004","relation":{},"ISSN":["0066-4804","1098-6596"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0066-4804","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-6596","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2004,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2003-07-08","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2004-02-06","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2004-06-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}