{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]],"date-time":"2026-04-07T06:26:49Z","timestamp":1775543209748,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,9,1]],"date-time":"2004-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1093996800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Antimicrob Agents Chemother"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            The activity of WCK 771, an experimental quinolone developed to overcome quinolone resistance in staphylococci and other bacteria, was determined against quinolone-susceptible and -resistant\n            <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>\n            and\n            <jats:italic>S. epidermidis<\/jats:italic>\n            . WCK 771 MICs for 50 and 90% of the strains tested (MIC\n            <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n            and MIC\n            <jats:sub>90<\/jats:sub>\n            , respectively) were 0.008 and 0.015 \u03bcg\/ml for\n            <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n            (\n            <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n            = 43) and 0.015 and 0.03 \u03bcg\/ml for\n            <jats:italic>S. epidermidis<\/jats:italic>\n            (\n            <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n            = 44) for quinolone-susceptible isolates, compared to ciprofloxacin values of 0.12 and 0.25 \u03bcg\/ml and 0.25 and 0.5 \u03bcg\/ml, respectively. Values for levofloxacin were 0.12 and 0.25 \u03bcg\/ml and 0.12 and 0.25 \u03bcg\/ml, those for clinafloxacin were 0.015 and 0.03 \u03bcg\/ml and 0.015 and 0.03 \u03bcg\/ml, those for moxifloxacin were 0.03 and 0.06 \u03bcg\/ml and 0.06 and 0.12 \u03bcg\/ml, and those for gatifloxacin were 0.06 and 0.12 \u03bcg\/ml and 0.12 and 0.25 \u03bcg\/ml, respectively. The WCK 771 MIC\n            <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n            and MIC\n            <jats:sub>90<\/jats:sub>\n            , respectively, were 0.5 and 1 \u03bcg\/ml for both species of staphylococci (\n            <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n            = 73 for\n            <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n            ,\n            <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n            = 70 for\n            <jats:italic>S. epidermidis<\/jats:italic>\n            ) for isolates highly resistant to ciprofloxacin (MIC\n            <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n            and MIC\n            <jats:sub>90<\/jats:sub>\n            , &gt;32 and &gt;32 \u03bcg\/ml, respectively). Values for levofloxacin were 8 and 32 \u03bcg\/ml and 8 and 32 \u03bcg\/ml, those for clinafloxacin were 1 and 2 \u03bcg\/ml and 0.5 and 2 \u03bcg\/ml, those for moxifloxacin 4 and &gt;4 \u03bcg\/ml and 4 and &gt;4 \u03bcg\/ml, and those for gatifloxacin were 4 and &gt;4 \u03bcg\/ml and 2 and &gt;4 \u03bcg\/ml, respectively. WCK 771 and clinafloxacin demonstrated MICs of 1 \u03bcg\/ml against three vancomycin-intermediate strains. WCK 771 showed concentration-independent killing for up to 24 h at 2, 4, and 8 times the MICs against quinolone-resistant staphylococci and was also bactericidal after 8 h for high-density inocula (10\n            <jats:sup>8<\/jats:sup>\n            CFU\/ml) of quinolone-resistant strains at 5 \u03bcg\/ml, whereas moxifloxacin at 7.5 \u03bcg\/ml was bacteriostatic. WCK 771 was not a substrate of the NorA efflux pump as evident from the similar MICs against both an efflux-positive and an efflux-negative strain. Overall, WCK 771 was the most potent quinolone tested against the staphylococci tested, regardless of quinolone susceptibility.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.48.9.3338-3342.2004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,8,24]],"date-time":"2004-08-24T19:12:57Z","timestamp":1093374777000},"page":"3338-3342","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["In Vitro Activity of the New Quinolone WCK 771 against Staphylococci"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Michael R.","family":"Jacobs","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Saralee","family":"Bajaksouzian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Windau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter C.","family":"Appelbaum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mahesh V.","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wockhardt Research Center, Aurangabad, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shrikant V.","family":"Gupte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wockhardt Research Center, Aurangabad, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sachin S.","family":"Bhagwat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wockhardt Research Center, Aurangabad, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Noel J.","family":"De Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wockhardt Research Center, Aurangabad, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Habil F.","family":"Khorakiwala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wockhardt Research Center, Aurangabad, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkg457"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1590\/S0036-36342002000200004","volume":"44","year":"2002","unstructured":"Calderon-Jaimes, E., L. 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