{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,8]],"date-time":"2026-11-08T02:51:13Z","timestamp":1794106273073,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,11,1]],"date-time":"2005-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1130803200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Antimicrob Agents Chemother"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>Carbapenem resistance mediated by acquired carbapenemase genes has been increasingly reported, particularly for clinical isolates of<jats:italic>Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>and<jats:italic>Acinetobacter<\/jats:italic>spp. Of 1,234 nonduplicate isolates of carbapenem-resistant<jats:italic>Pseudomonas<\/jats:italic>spp. and<jats:italic>Acinetobacter<\/jats:italic>spp. isolated at a tertiary-care hospital in Seoul, Korea, 211 (17%) were positive for metallo-\u03b2-lactamase (MBL). Of these, 204 (96%) had either the<jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>IMP-1<\/jats:sub>or<jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>VIM-2<\/jats:sub>allele. In addition, seven<jats:italic>Acinetobacter baumannii<\/jats:italic>isolates were found to have a novel MBL gene, which was designated<jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>SIM-1<\/jats:sub>. The SIM-1 protein has a pI of 7.2, is a new member of subclass B1, and exhibits 64 to 69% identity with the IMP-type MBLs, which are its closest relatives. All SIM-1-producing isolates exhibited relatively low imipenem and meropenem MICs (8 to 16 \u03bcg\/ml) and had a multidrug resistance phenotype. Expression of the cloned<jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>SIM-1<\/jats:sub>gene in<jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>revealed that the encoded enzyme is capable of hydrolyzing a broad array of \u03b2-lactams, including penicillins, narrow- to expanded-spectrum cephalosporins, and carbapenems. The<jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>SIM-1<\/jats:sub>gene was carried on a gene cassette inserted into a class 1 integron, which included three additional cassettes (<jats:italic>arr-3<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic>catB3<\/jats:italic>, and<jats:italic>aadA1<\/jats:italic>). The strains were isolated from sputum and urine specimens from patients with pneumonia and urinary tract infections, respectively. All patients had various underlying diseases. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis of SmaI-digested genomic DNAs showed that the strains belonged to two different clonal lineages, indicating that horizontal transfer of this gene had occurred and suggesting the possibility of further spread of resistance in the future.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.49.11.4485-4491.2005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,10,26]],"date-time":"2005-10-26T16:37:59Z","timestamp":1130344679000},"page":"4485-4491","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":287,"title":["Novel Acquired Metallo-\u03b2-Lactamase Gene,<i>bla<\/i><sub>SIM-1<\/sub>, in a Class 1 Integron from<i>Acinetobacter baumannii<\/i>Clinical Isolates from Korea"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"Kyungwon","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine"},{"name":"Research Institute of Bacterial Resistance"},{"name":"Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Sciences"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jong Hwa","family":"Yum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute of Bacterial Resistance"},{"name":"Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Sciences"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dongeun","family":"Yong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine"},{"name":"Research Institute of Bacterial Resistance"},{"name":"Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Sciences"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyuk Min","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine"},{"name":"Research Institute of Bacterial Resistance"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heung Dong","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 120-752, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean-Denis","family":"Docquier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology, Microbiology Section, University of Siena, Siena I-53100, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gian Maria","family":"Rossolini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology, Microbiology Section, University of Siena, Siena I-53100, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yunsop","family":"Chong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine"},{"name":"Research Institute of Bacterial Resistance"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","first-page":"37","year":"1988","unstructured":"Bergquist, P. 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