{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,5]],"date-time":"2026-03-05T06:40:36Z","timestamp":1772692836037,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,2,1]],"date-time":"2005-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1107216000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Antimicrob Agents Chemother"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            Sulfonamide resistance in meningococci is associated with mutations in the chromosomal gene\n            <jats:italic>folP<\/jats:italic>\n            , which encodes dihydropteroate synthase. Several mutations associated with resistance have been previously described, including amino acid substitutions at codons 31 and 194, a glycine-serine insertion at codons 195 and 196, and, recently, an additional mutation at nucleotide 682 (C682A). In this study, sulfisoxazole MICs were determined for 424 geographically diverse clinical isolates of\n            <jats:italic>Neisseria meningitidis<\/jats:italic>\n            , including all major subtypes. A subset of 134 isolates with MICs ranging from 0.5 to &gt;64 \u03bcg\/ml were assayed for the C682A mutation by real-time PCR, and 25 isolates were selected for\n            <jats:italic>folP<\/jats:italic>\n            gene sequencing. All isolates for which the sulfisoxazole MIC was \u22658 possessed the C682A mutation by real-time PCR or\n            <jats:italic>folP<\/jats:italic>\n            sequencing, and 34 of 35 isolates with a MIC of \u22642 lacked this mutation. Of 16 sequenced isolates for which the sulfisoxazole MIC was \u22654, 15 possessed previously described mutations, including 10 at codon 31, 1 at codon 194, and 4 with the 2-amino-acid insertion codons 195 and 196; all 16 possessed the C682A mutation. The C682A mutation predicted elevated sulfonamides MICs for a large number of geographically diverse clinical isolates of meningococci. Detection of this mutation by real-time PCR or other methods may allow more wide-scale detection of meningococcal isolates with for which the sulfonamide MICs are elevated without resorting to multiple assays or\n            <jats:italic>folP<\/jats:italic>\n            gene sequencing, providing a simple, high-throughput screening method for use in public health and epidemiologic settings.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.49.2.536-540.2005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,1,26]],"date-time":"2005-01-26T22:04:40Z","timestamp":1106777080000},"page":"536-540","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Mutations in\n            <i>folP<\/i>\n            Associated with Elevated Sulfonamide MICs for\n            <i>Neisseria meningitidis<\/i>\n            Clinical Isolates from Five Continents"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"K. R.","family":"Fiebelkorn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S. A.","family":"Crawford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J. H.","family":"Jorgensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1976.03260290019018"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/inf.1978.10.issue-4.04"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/47.3.285"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1975.03240220015012"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","first-page":"625","volume":"41","year":"1943","unstructured":"Awe, C. D., R. W. Babione, and J. N. DeLamater. 1943. Meningococcic meningitis in the San Diego area during 1942. U.S. Navy Med. Bull.41:625-634.","journal-title":"U.S. Navy Med. Bull."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jmbi.2000.4094"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.47.10.3336-3338.2003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","first-page":"923","year":"1939","unstructured":"Bryant, J., and H. D. Fairman. 1939. Chemotherapy of cerebrospinal fever in the field. Lanceti:923-926.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.42.7.2919-2925.2004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2666","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1941.02820240026008","volume":"116","year":"1941","unstructured":"Dingle, J. H., L. Thomas, and A. R. Morton. 1941. Treatment of meningococcic meningitis and meningococcemia with sulfadiazine. JAMA116:2666-2668.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM196502252720804","volume":"272","year":"1965","unstructured":"Eickhoff, T. C., and M. Finland. 1965. Changing susceptibility of meningococci to antimicrobial agents. N. Engl. J. Med.272:395-398.","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.177.16.4669-4675.1995"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.179.3.831-837.1997"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1097\/00007611-197105000-00028","volume":"64","year":"1971","unstructured":"Gordon, R. C., D. J. Clark, M. D. Yow, L. H. Taber, and F. F. Barrett. 1971. In vitro studies of 100 strains of meningococci: clinical implications. South. Med. J.64:627-629.","journal-title":"South. Med. J."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.34.11.2277"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1943.02840410017006"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","first-page":"139","volume":"186","year":"1963","unstructured":"Millar, J. W., E. E. Siess, H. A. Feldman, C. Silverman, and P. Frank. 1963. In vivo and in vitro resistance to sulfadiazine in strains of Neisseria meningitidis. JAMA186:139-141.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","unstructured":"NCCLS. 2003. Methods for dilution antimicrobial susceptibility tests for bacteria that grow aerobically. Approved standard M7-A6. NCCLS Wayne Pa."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","unstructured":"NCCLS. 2004. Performance standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Supplement M100-S14. NCCLS Wayne Pa."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/00221287-146-5-1151"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2180-2-34","volume":"2","year":"2002","unstructured":"Qvarnstrom, Y., and G. Swedberg. 2002. Sulphonamide resistant commensal Neisseria with alterations in the dihydropteroate synthase can be isolated from carriers not exposed to sulphonamides. BMC Microbiol.2:34-38.","journal-title":"BMC Microbiol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.174.20.6386-6393.1992"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/313599"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.3109\/inf.1976.8.issue-4.06","volume":"8","year":"1976","unstructured":"Salmi, I., O. Pettay, I. Simula, A. K. Kallio, and O. Waltimo. 1976. An epidemic due to sulphonamide-resistant group A meningococci in the Helsinki area (Finland). Scand. J. Infect. Dis.8:249-254.","journal-title":"Scand. J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","first-page":"555","year":"1993","unstructured":"Swedberg, G., C. Fermer, and O. Skold. 1993. Point mutations in the dihydropteroate synthase gene causing sulfonamide resistance, p. 555-558. In J. E. Ayling (ed.), Chemistry and biology of pteridines and folates. Plenum Press, New York, N.Y.","journal-title":"Chemistry and biology of pteridines and folates"}],"container-title":["Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/AAC.49.2.536-540.2005","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/AAC.49.2.536-540.2005","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,21]],"date-time":"2022-02-21T18:45:37Z","timestamp":1645469137000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/AAC.49.2.536-540.2005"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2005,2]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/AAC.49.2.536-540.2005"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/aac.49.2.536-540.2005","relation":{},"ISSN":["0066-4804","1098-6596"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0066-4804","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-6596","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2005,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2004-08-16","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2004-10-17","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2005-02-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}