{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T19:36:45Z","timestamp":1785872205651,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,17]],"date-time":"2024-04-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1713312000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/ASMCopyrightv2"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,17]],"date-time":"2024-04-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1713312000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000199","name":"U.S. Department of Agriculture","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000199","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000030","name":"HHS | Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000030","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Ohio State University"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Appl Environ Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,17]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title\/>\n            <jats:p>\n              The emergence of azole-resistant\n              <jats:italic>Aspergillus fumigatus<\/jats:italic>\n              (AR\n              <jats:italic>Af<\/jats:italic>\n              ) across the world is an important public health concern. We sought to determine if propiconazole, a demethylase inhibitor (DMI) fungicide, exerted a selective pressure for AR\n              <jats:italic>Af<\/jats:italic>\n              in a tomato production environment following multiple exposures to the fungicide. A tomato field trial was established in 2019 and propiconazole was applied weekly until harvest. Soil, leaf, and fruit (when present) samples were collected at baseline and after each propiconazole application.\n              <jats:italic>A. fumigatus<\/jats:italic>\n              isolates (\n              <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n              , 178) were recovered and 173 were tested for susceptibility to itraconazole, posaconazole, voriconazole, and propiconazole in accordance with CLSI M38 guidelines. All the isolates were susceptible to medical triazoles and the propiconazole MIC ranged from 0.25 to 8 mg\/L. A linear regression model was fitted that showed no longitudinal increment in the log\n              <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n              -fold azole MIC of the isolates collected after each propiconazole exposure compared to the baseline isolates. AsperGenius real-time multiplex assay ruled out TR34\/L98H and TR46\/Y121F\/T289A\n              <jats:italic>cyp<\/jats:italic>\n              51A resistance markers in these isolates. Sequencing of a subset of isolates (\n              <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n              , 46) demonstrated widespread presence of F46Y\/M172V\/E427K and F46Y\/M172V\/N248T\/D255E\/E427K\n              <jats:italic>cyp<\/jats:italic>\n              51A mutations previously associated with reduced susceptibility to triazoles.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>IMPORTANCE<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The agricultural use of azole fungicides to control plant diseases has been implicated as a major contributor to ARAf infections in humans. Our study did not reveal imposition of selection pressure for ARAf in a vegetable production system. However, more surveillance studies for ARAf in food crop production and other environments are warranted in understanding this public and One Health issue.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.00017-24","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,27]],"date-time":"2024-03-27T13:01:42Z","timestamp":1711544502000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Triazole resistance in\n            <i>Aspergillus fumigatu<\/i>\n            s isolated from a tomato production environment exposed to propiconazole"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"90","author":[{"given":"Alejandra","family":"M. Jimenez Madrid","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plant Pathology, The Ohio State University College of Food, Agricultural and Environmental Sciences-Wooster, Wooster, Ohio, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3431-6532","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raees A.","family":"Paul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plant Pathology, The Ohio State University College of Food, Agricultural and Environmental Sciences-Wooster, Wooster, Ohio, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Rotondo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plant Pathology, The Ohio State University College of Food, Agricultural and Environmental Sciences-Wooster, Wooster, Ohio, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Loic","family":"Deblais","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Sciences, Center for Food Animal Health, The Ohio State University College of Food, Agricultural and Environmental Sciences-Wooster, Wooster, Ohio, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2443-6733","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Gireesh","family":"Rajashekara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Sciences, Center for Food Animal Health, The Ohio State University College of Food, Agricultural and Environmental Sciences-Wooster, Wooster, Ohio, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sally A.","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plant Pathology, The Ohio State University College of Food, Agricultural and Environmental Sciences-Wooster, Wooster, Ohio, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7520-9026","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Melanie L. Lewis","family":"Ivey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plant Pathology, The Ohio State University College of Food, Agricultural and Environmental Sciences-Wooster, Wooster, Ohio, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2021.730297"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ps.4029"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ps.3348"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es901221x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.5b02728"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00275514.2018.1557796"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms7060180"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.01397-19"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00140-18"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0966-842x(03)00117-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/bst0180056"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00095-16"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkt075"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.01253-22"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2410.180730"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0050034"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep45631"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.00791-17"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.02061-21"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1009711"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(09)70265-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/g3journal\/jkab427"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1003633"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2201.150978"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.02539-20"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6738a5"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.02478-15"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkx168"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.02240-17"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2009.140142"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2016.00683"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2016.11.020"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2020.128335"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-9063(199912)55:12<1135::AID-PS73>3.0.CO;2-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2134\/jeq2001.303947x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2015.11.116"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2020.599233"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jof9060618"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_40_2","first-page":"692","volume-title":"\u201cThe International Society for Plant Pathology & the French Phytopathological Society. 12th International Congress of Plant Pathology,\u201d","author":"Ivey M","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ivey M, Paul P, Paul R, Miller S. 2023. \u201cThe hunt for killer Aspergillus fumigatus in the environment - surveillance of tomato and corn fields in Ohio\u201d \u201cThe International Society for Plant Pathology & the French Phytopathological Society. 12th International Congress of Plant Pathology,\u201d p 692\u2013693. https:\/\/www.icpp2023.org\/programme\/abstracts-book."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ps.3664"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fgb.2015.06.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01594-15"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0072280"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01358-10"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.05990-11"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2106.140717"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drup.2009.09.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.00231-09"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00241-18"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2018.09.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12154-014-0121-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.02158-09"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_54_2","unstructured":"de Hoog GS Guarro J Gen\u00e9 J Ahmed S Figueras MJ Vitale RG. 2020. Atlas of clinical fungi. Available from: https:\/\/www.atlasclinicalfungi.org\/zh-hans\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4148\/1941-4765.1031"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.simyco.2014.07.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_57_2","volume-title":"Reference method for broth dilution antifungal susceptibility testing of Filamentous fungi","author":"Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute","year":"2017","unstructured":"Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute. 2017. Reference method for broth dilution antifungal susceptibility testing of Filamentous fungi. 3rd ed. CLSI Approved Standard M38. Wayne PA.","edition":"3"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/mmy\/myx015"}],"container-title":["Applied and Environmental Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/aem.00017-24","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/aem.00017-24","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,15]],"date-time":"2024-05-15T23:18:42Z","timestamp":1715815122000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/aem.00017-24"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Irina S.","family":"Druzhinina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,17]]},"references-count":57,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,17]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/aem.00017-24"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/aem.00017-24","relation":{},"ISSN":["0099-2240","1098-5336"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0099-2240","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-5336","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,17]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-01-24","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-03-05","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-03-27","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e00017-24"}}