{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T03:43:50Z","timestamp":1790307830615,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,1]],"date-time":"2019-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1556668800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Jiangsu Provincial Public Institution Program for Research Conditions and Building Capacity","award":["BM2015019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BM2015019"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013085","name":"Program for Jiangsu Excellent Scientific and Technological Innovation Team","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["17CXTD00014"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["17CXTD00014"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013085","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Priority Academic Program Development (PAPD) of Jiangsu Higher Education Institions"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81330035"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81330035"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["31770086"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31770086"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["31572151"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31572151"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Appl Environ Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            Human fungal infections are a growing problem associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Moreover, a growing number of antifungal-resistant fungal isolates have been reported over the past decade. Thus, the need for novel antifungal agents is imperative. In this study, we show that an endophytic bacterium,\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Burkholderia gladioli<\/jats:named-content>\n            , isolated from the medicinal plant\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Lycoris aurea<\/jats:named-content>\n            , is able to abundantly secrete a compound, toxoflavin, which has a strong fungicidal activity not only against plant fungal pathogens but also against human fungal pathogens\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Aspergillus fumigatus<\/jats:named-content>\n            and\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Candida albicans<\/jats:named-content>\n            ,\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Cryptococcus neoformans<\/jats:named-content>\n            , and the model filamentous fungus\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Aspergillus nidulans<\/jats:named-content>\n            . More importantly, toxoflavin also displays an efficacious inhibitory effect against azole antifungal-resistant mutants of\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">A. fumigatus<\/jats:named-content>\n            . Consequently, our findings provide a promising approach to abundantly produce toxoflavin, which has novel broad-spectrum antifungal activity, especially against those currently problematic drug-resistant isolates.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.00106-19","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,1]],"date-time":"2019-03-01T10:54:10Z","timestamp":1551437650000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"title":["Toxoflavin Produced by\n            <i>Burkholderia gladioli<\/i>\n            from\n            <i>Lycoris aurea<\/i>\n            Is a New Broad-Spectrum Fungicide"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"85","author":[{"given":"Xiaodan","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China"},{"name":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yikui","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ren","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qizhi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2891-7326","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ling","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11046-017-0115-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.idc.2017.05.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/13693786.2011.560197"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dku566"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkv177"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jof2030021"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/myc.12469"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chembiol.2011.01.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/b914961a"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.045054-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phytochem.2004.03.020"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.8097061"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1286-4579(03)00073-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/np030397v"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/b609472b"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmcl.2009.02.025"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/138955710791112604"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2005.02.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-3002(61)90408-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)96842-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1248\/cpb.41.362"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.24810"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jm400568p"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15592294.2016.1249089"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10658-013-0184-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/PL00013080"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.38.1.282-285.2000"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.52.3.173"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.02101-16"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10327-003-0096-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0052150"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/mpp.12262"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drup.2015.08.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2016.01382"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/civ885"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6882-13-289"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0030-1250027"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)62265-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.051524-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1535-6108(03)00334-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd2154"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3892\/ijo.2013.2035"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10637-009-9311-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1535-7163.MCT-16-0585"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tetlet.2009.02.084"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja01479a041"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jhet.5570240529"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jhet.1111"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/tx000028o"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1094\/PDIS.2003.87.8.890"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2004.04338.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cbic.201500247"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_54_2","first-page":"259","article-title":"Xanthothricin, a new antibiotic","volume":"4","author":"Machlowitz RA","year":"1954","unstructured":"Machlowitz RA, Fisher WP, Mckay BS, Tytell AA, Charney J. 1954. Xanthothricin, a new antibiotic. Antibiot Chemother (Northfield) 4:259\u2013261.","journal-title":"Antibiot Chemother (Northfield)"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/mst197"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_56_2","volume-title":"Microbiology: laboratory theory and application","author":"Leboffe MJ","year":"2008","unstructured":"Leboffe MJ, Pierce BE. 2008. Microbiology: laboratory theory and application. Morton Publishing Company, Englewood, CO."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_57_2","volume-title":"Reference method for broth dilution antifungal susceptibility testing of filamentous fungi; approved standard, document M38-A2","author":"Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute","year":"2008","unstructured":"Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. 2008. Reference method for broth dilution antifungal susceptibility testing of filamentous fungi; approved standard, document M38-A2. Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute, Wayne, PA."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_58_2","volume-title":"Reference methods for broth dilution antifungal susceptibility testing of yeasts; approved standard, document M27-A3","author":"Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute","year":"2008","unstructured":"Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute 2008. Reference methods for broth dilution antifungal susceptibility testing of yeasts; approved standard, document M27-A3. Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute, Wayne, PA."}],"container-title":["Applied and Environmental Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/AEM.00106-19","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/AEM.00106-19","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,23]],"date-time":"2022-02-23T19:03:27Z","timestamp":1645643007000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/AEM.00106-19"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Irina S.","family":"Druzhinina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,5]]},"references-count":57,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/AEM.00106-19"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/aem.00106-19","relation":{},"ISSN":["0099-2240","1098-5336"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0099-2240","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-5336","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2019-01-25","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-02-16","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-04-18","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e00106-19"}}