{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T15:17:42Z","timestamp":1791818262188,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,21]],"date-time":"2024-05-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1716249600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/ASMCopyrightv2"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,21]],"date-time":"2024-05-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1716249600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100020082","name":"Direcci\u00f3n General de Industria, Energia y Proyectos Estrategicos S3, Gobierno de Navarra","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["IIQ14061.RI1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IIQ14061.RI1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100020082","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100015439","name":"Centres de Recerca de Catalunya","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["PA20\/03"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PA20\/03"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100015439","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Basque Country University","award":["Grant PIF-19\/290"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Grant PIF-19\/290"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Appl Environ Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,21]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title\/>\n            <jats:p>\n              The emergence of foodborne\n              <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n              strains carrying antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in mobile genetic elements (MGE) is a significant public health threat in a One Health context requiring continuous surveillance. Resistance to ciprofloxacin and cephalosporins is of particular concern. Since pigs are a relevant source of foodborne\n              <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n              for human beings, we studied transmissible AMR genes and MGE in a collection of 83 strains showing 9 different serovars and 15 patterns of multidrug resistant (MDR) previously isolated from pigs raised in the conventional breeding system of Northern Spain. All isolates were susceptible to ciprofloxacin and three isolates carried\n              <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic>\n              <jats:sub>CMY-2<\/jats:sub>\n              or\n              <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic>\n              <jats:sub>CTX-M-9<\/jats:sub>\n              genes responsible for cefotaxime resistance. Filter mating experiments showed that the two plasmids carrying\n              <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic>\n              <jats:sub>CTX-M-9<\/jats:sub>\n              were conjugative while that carrying\n              <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic>\n              <jats:sub>CMY-2<\/jats:sub>\n              was self-transmissible by transformation. Whole-genome sequencing and comparative analyses were performed on the isolates and plasmids. The IncC plasmid pSB109, carrying\n              <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic>\n              <jats:sub>CMY-2<\/jats:sub>\n              , was similar to one found in\n              <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>\n              . Reading from cattle, indicating potential horizontal transfer between serovars and animal sources. The IncHI2 plasmids pSH102 in\n              <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>\n              . Heidelberg and pSTM45 in\n              <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>\n              . Typhimurium ST34, carrying\n              <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic>\n              <jats:sub>CTX-M-9<\/jats:sub>\n              , shared similar backbones and two novel \u201ccomplex class 1 integrons\u201d containing different AMR and heavy metal genes. Our findings emphasize the importance of sequencing techniques to identify emerging AMR regions in conjugative and stable plasmids from livestock production. The presence of MGE carrying clinically relevant AMR genes raises public health concerns, requiring monitoring to mitigate the emergence of bacteria carrying AMR genes and subsequent spread through animals and food.\n            <\/jats:p>\n            <jats:sec>\n              <jats:title>IMPORTANCE<\/jats:title>\n              <jats:p>\n                The emergence of foodborne\n                <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n                strains carrying antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in mobile genetic elements (MGE) is a significant public health threat in a One Health context. Since pigs are a relevant source of foodborne\n                <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n                for humans, in this study, we investigate different aspects of AMR in a collection of 83\n                <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n                showing nine different serovars and 15 patterns of multidrug resistant (MDR) isolated from pigs raised in the conventional breeding system. Our findings emphasize the importance of sequencing techniques to identify emerging AMR regions in conjugative and stable plasmids from livestock production. The presence of MGE carrying clinically relevant AMR genes raises public health concerns, requiring monitoring to mitigate the emergence of bacteria carrying AMR genes and subsequent spread through animals and food.\n              <\/jats:p>\n            <\/jats:sec>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.00264-24","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,2]],"date-time":"2024-05-02T12:21:49Z","timestamp":1714652509000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Multidrug resistance in\n            <i>Salmonella<\/i>\n            isolates of swine origin: mobile genetic elements and plasmids associated with cephalosporin resistance with potential transmission to humans"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"90","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2497-7188","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"V.","family":"Garrido","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Agrobiotecnolog\u00eda (IdAB; CSIC-Gobierno de Navarra), Mutilva, Navarra, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6406-8165","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A.","family":"Arrieta-Gisasola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, MikroIker Research Group, University of the Basque Country (UPV\/EHU), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2935-928X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"L.","family":"Migura-Garc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Joint Research Unit IRTA-UAB in Animal Health, Animal Health Research Centre (CReSA), Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB), Catalonia, Spain"},{"name":"Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology (IRTA), Animal Health Program (CReSA), WOAH Collaborating Centre for the Research and Control of Emerging and Re-Emerging Swine Diseases in Europe, Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0538-7457","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"L.","family":"Laorden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, MikroIker Research Group, University of the Basque Country (UPV\/EHU), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1819-0186","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M. J.","family":"Grill\u00f3","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Agrobiotecnolog\u00eda (IdAB; CSIC-Gobierno de Navarra), Mutilva, Navarra, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2021.6971"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/fpd.2014.1744"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cix669"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21061914"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"WHO. 2021. World Health Organization model list of essential medicines \u2013 22nd list 2021World Health Organization; 2021 (WHO\/MHP\/HPS\/EML\/2021.02) Geneva","DOI":"10.1530\/ey.19.13.1"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.40.3.1095-1097.2002"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.47509-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drup.2012.12.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodcont.2020.107810"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1412.080494"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21775\/cimb.005.113"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/genomeA.00027-15"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2016.01566"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2018.02492"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2017.01459"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.001704"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2020.562181"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1746-6148-10-59"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/zph.12453"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_22_2","volume-title":"WHO collaborating centre for reference and research on Salmonella","author":"WHO","year":"2007","unstructured":"WHO. 2007. Fran\u00e7ois-Xavier weill. In Grimont Patrick AD (ed), WHO collaborating centre for reference and research on Salmonella, 9th edition. Institut Pasteur, 28 rue du Dr. Roux, Paris Cedex 15, France.","edition":"9"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_23_2","volume-title":"Standard M100S","author":"CLSI","year":"2016","unstructured":"CLSI. 2016. Clinical and laboratory standards Institute (CLSI) (2016) performance standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing. In Standard M100S. Wayne, Pa, USA."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.39.1.185"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.02099-12"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/foods10061410"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2018.02.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meatsci.2012.09.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkn535"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dki190"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.03916-14"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00071660120109872"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/1076629041310136"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mimet.2005.03.018"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1005595"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkw569"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btr039"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plasmid.2015.04.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.50.4.1590-1593.2006"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00753-08"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkr412"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00055-09"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.06498-11"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1008965"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkaa1257"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plasmid.2016.09.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1004714"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1006705"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkv758"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/s0950268800048391"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2013.04.016"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics12030547"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6976.2011.00294.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2018.06.015"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/1040841X.2017.1303661"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2021.705230"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00573-20"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/genes11111239"}],"container-title":["Applied and Environmental Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/aem.00264-24","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/aem.00264-24","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,21]],"date-time":"2024-05-21T13:04:51Z","timestamp":1716296691000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/aem.00264-24"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Charles M.","family":"Dozois","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,21]]},"references-count":56,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,21]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/aem.00264-24"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/aem.00264-24","relation":{},"ISSN":["0099-2240","1098-5336"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0099-2240","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-5336","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,21]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-02-13","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-04-03","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-05-02","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e00264-24"}}