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PCR and DNA sequencing were used to identify genes associated with resistance. Class 1 integrons were prevalent (94.6%) and contained gene cassettes recognized previously and implicated mainly in resistance to aminoglycosides, \u03b2-lactams, and trimethoprim (<jats:italic>aadA1<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic>dfrA1-aadA1<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic>dfrA17-aadA5<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic>dfrA12-orfF-aadA2<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>OXA-30<\/jats:sub>-<jats:italic>aadA1<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic>aacC1-orf1-orf2-aadA1<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic>dfr7<\/jats:italic>). Class 2 integrons (13.5%) contained the<jats:italic>dfrA1-sat1-aadA1<\/jats:italic>gene array. The most frequently occurring phenotypes included resistance to ampicillin (97.3%), chloramphenicol (75.4%), florfenicol (40.5%), gentamicin (54%), neomycin (43.2%), streptomycin (97.3%), sulfonamide (98.6%), and tetracycline (100%). The associated resistance determinants detected included<jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>TEM<\/jats:sub>,<jats:italic>cat<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic>floR<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic>aadB<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic>aphA1<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic>strA<\/jats:italic>-<jats:italic>strB<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic>sul2<\/jats:italic>, and<jats:italic>tet<\/jats:italic>(B), respectively. The<jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>CTX-M-2<\/jats:sub>gene, encoding an extended-spectrum \u03b2-lactamase (ES\u03b2L), and<jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>CMY-2<\/jats:sub>, encoding an AmpC-like enzyme, were identified in 8 and 18 isolates, respectively. The mobility of the resistance genes was demonstrated using conjugation assays with a representative selection of isolates. High-molecular-weight plasmids were found to be responsible for resistance to multiple antimicrobial compounds. The study demonstrated that animal-associated commensal<jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">E. coli<\/jats:named-content>isolates possess a diverse repertoire of transferable genetic determinants. Emergence of ES\u03b2Ls and AmpC-like enzymes is particularly significant. To our knowledge, the<jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>CTX-M-2<\/jats:sub>gene has not previously been reported in Ireland.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.00599-11","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,20]],"date-time":"2011-08-20T02:29:42Z","timestamp":1313807382000},"page":"7104-7112","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":89,"title":["Characterization of Multidrug-Resistant Escherichia coli Isolates from Animals Presenting at a University Veterinary Hospital"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"77","author":[{"given":"Maria","family":"Karczmarczyk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"UCD Centre for Food Safety &amp; Centre for Food-borne Zoonomics and UCD Veterinary Sciences Centre, School of Public Health, Physiotherapy &amp; Population Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yvonne","family":"Abbott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCD Veterinary Sciences Centre, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ciara","family":"Walsh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Food Safety Authority of Ireland, Abbey Court, Lower Abbey Street, Dublin 2, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nola","family":"Leonard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCD Veterinary Sciences Centre, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S\u00e9amus","family":"Fanning","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCD Centre for Food Safety &amp; Centre for Food-borne Zoonomics and UCD Veterinary Sciences Centre, School of Public Health, Physiotherapy &amp; Population Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","first-page":"9","article-title":"Antimicrobial resistance in equine faecal Escherichia coli isolates from North West England","volume":"7","author":"Ahmed M. 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