{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T14:00:05Z","timestamp":1790172005929,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790121600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790121600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"German Research Council","award":["494875429"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["494875429"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Appl Environ Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title\/>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Consumption of sprouted seeds, such as alfalfa sprouts, has increased in recent years due to their nutritional value and antioxidant content. However, these products have repeatedly been implicated in outbreaks of foodborne pathogens, including\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Salmonella enterica<\/jats:italic>\n                      . Although host-adapted\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n                      serovars are less frequently associated with foodborne illness, infections caused by these serovars often result in invasive and severe outcomes, highlighting the importance of understanding their persistence in food production systems. Moreover, the variability among\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n                      serovars requires characterization beyond the most prevalent types to support the development of precision food safety strategies effective across the diversity of serovars capable of contaminating fresh produce. Here, a plant-internalized\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n                      Choleraesuis strain was used as a model to investigate persistence mechanisms on alfalfa sprouts. A bar-coded transposon mutant library comprising approximately 33,000 unique insertions was generated, along with a collection of individual insertion mutants. These resources were used to identify genetic determinants contributing to strain fitness on sprouts under abusive cold storage (8\u00b0C) simulating commercial shelf-life environments. Genome-wide analyses identified negative selection for mutants with insertions in\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">eda<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">fabF<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">lpp1_2<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">pnp<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">stpA<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">SCHChr_03621<\/jats:italic>\n                      , and two intergenic regions. Competition assays confirmed fitness defects associated with\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">eda<\/jats:italic>\n                      , encoding a key enzyme of the Entner-Doudoroff pathway;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">mnmG<\/jats:italic>\n                      , encoding a tRNA modification enzyme involved in translational fidelity; and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">fabF<\/jats:italic>\n                      , involved in fatty acid biogenesis. These findings provide a genome-wide perspective on mechanisms enabling persistence on sprouts of a plant-associated, host-adapted\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n                      strain during cold storage and inform risk assessment and intervention design within precision food safety frameworks.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:sec>\n                      <jats:title>IMPORTANCE<\/jats:title>\n                      <jats:p>\n                        Food safety strategies are frequently based on knowledge derived from well-studied, epidemiologically relevant\n                        <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n                        serovars, yet many less frequent types still pose a risk to consumers and may contaminate fresh produce. Different\n                        <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n                        serovars may vary in the relative contribution of persistence mechanisms. Recognizing these differences is essential for improving precision food safety efforts, particularly for foods such as sprouts that are repeatedly linked to outbreaks. This study highlights that less-studied serovars can rely on both shared survival strategies and unique traits that might otherwise not be captured by current control approaches. By demonstrating that strain diversity influences persistence on fresh produce, this work supports the development of precision food safety strategies that address a broader spectrum of\n                        <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n                        , thereby improving risk assessment and helping to better protect public health.\n                      <\/jats:p>\n                    <\/jats:sec>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.00604-26","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]],"date-time":"2026-08-10T13:00:51Z","timestamp":1786366851000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Identification of genes promoting fitness of a plant-associated\n                    <i>Salmonella<\/i>\n                    Choleraesuis strain on alfalfa sprouts during cold storage"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"92","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-7853-6745","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Maximilian","family":"Beck","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Competence Center for Food Safety, Chair of Food Safety and Analytics, Veterinary Faculty, LMU Munich","place":["Oberschleissheim, Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"F\u00fchrer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Competence Center for Food Safety, Chair of Food Safety and Analytics, Veterinary Faculty, LMU Munich","place":["Oberschleissheim, Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steffen","family":"Porwollik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01ymr5447","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, University of California","place":["Irvine, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weiping","family":"Chu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01ymr5447","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, University of California","place":["Irvine, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Verena","family":"Hohenester","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Competence Center for Food Safety, Chair of Food Safety and Analytics, Veterinary Faculty, LMU Munich","place":["Oberschleissheim, Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irmak","family":"Sah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Competence Center for Food Safety, Chair of Food Safety and Analytics, Veterinary Faculty, LMU Munich","place":["Oberschleissheim, Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1788-9347","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Michael","family":"McClelland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01ymr5447","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, University of California","place":["Irvine, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9895-750X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Claudia","family":"Guldimann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Competence Center for Food Safety, Chair of Food Safety and Analytics, Veterinary Faculty, LMU Munich","place":["Oberschleissheim, Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5004-9529","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Irene","family":"Esteban-Cuesta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Competence Center for Food Safety, Chair of Food Safety and Analytics, Veterinary Faculty, LMU Munich","place":["Oberschleissheim, Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","unstructured":"Official Journal of the European Union. 2017. 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