{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T17:58:24Z","timestamp":1791309504499,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,1]],"date-time":"2016-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1472688000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Appl Environ Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            Several species of the bacterial genus\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Shewanella<\/jats:named-content>\n            are well-known dissimilatory reducers of manganese under anaerobic conditions. In fact,\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Shewanella oneidensis<\/jats:named-content>\n            is one of the most well studied of all metal-reducing bacteria. In the current study, a number of\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Shewanella<\/jats:named-content>\n            strains were tested for manganese-oxidizing capacity under aerobic conditions. All were able to oxidize Mn(II) and to produce solid dark brown manganese oxides.\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Shewanella<\/jats:named-content>\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">loihica<\/jats:named-content>\n            strain PV-4 was the strongest oxidizer, producing oxides at a rate of 20.3 mg\/liter\/day and oxidizing Mn(II) concentrations of up to 9 mM. In contrast,\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">S. oneidensis<\/jats:named-content>\n            MR-1 was the weakest oxidizer tested, producing oxides at 4.4 mg\/liter\/day and oxidizing up to 4 mM Mn(II). Analysis of products from the strongest oxidizers, i.e.,\n            <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>\n            .\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">loihica<\/jats:named-content>\n            PV-4 and\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Shewanella putrefaciens<\/jats:named-content>\n            CN-32, revealed finely grained, nanosize, poorly crystalline oxide particles with identical Mn oxidation states of 3.86. The biogenic manganese oxide products could be subsequently reduced within 2 days by all of the\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Shewanella<\/jats:named-content>\n            strains when culture conditions were made anoxic and an appropriate nutrient (lactate) was added. While\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Shewanella<\/jats:named-content>\n            species were detected previously as part of manganese-oxidizing consortia in natural environments, the current study has clearly shown manganese-reducing\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Shewanella<\/jats:named-content>\n            species bacteria that are able to oxidize manganese in aerobic cultures.\n          <\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:bold>IMPORTANCE<\/jats:bold>\n            Members of the genus\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Shewanella<\/jats:named-content>\n            are well known as dissimilatory manganese-reducing bacteria. This study shows that a number of species from\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Shewanella<\/jats:named-content>\n            are also capable of manganese oxidation under aerobic conditions. Characterization of the products of the two most efficient oxidizers,\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">S. loihica<\/jats:named-content>\n            and\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">S. putrefaciens<\/jats:named-content>\n            , revealed finely grained, nanosize oxide particles. With a change in culture conditions, the manganese oxide products could be subsequently reduced by the same bacteria. The ability of\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Shewanella<\/jats:named-content>\n            species both to oxidize and to reduce manganese indicates that the genus plays a significant role in the geochemical cycling of manganese. Due to the high affinity of manganese oxides for binding other metals, these bacteria may also contribute to the immobilization and release of other metals in the environment.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.00663-16","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,26]],"date-time":"2016-06-26T06:02:12Z","timestamp":1466920932000},"page":"5402-5409","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":91,"title":["Production of Manganese Oxide Nanoparticles by Shewanella Species"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"82","author":[{"given":"Mitchell H.","family":"Wright","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Natural Sciences, Nathan Campus, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, Australia"},{"name":"Division of Environmental and Biomolecular Systems, Institute of Environmental Health, Oregon Health &amp; Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saad M.","family":"Farooqui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Natural Sciences, Nathan Campus, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alan R.","family":"White","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Natural Sciences, Nathan Campus, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anthony C.","family":"Greene","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Natural Sciences, Nathan Campus, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/0-387-30746-X_45"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ijfs.13026"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.71.11.6689-6697.2005"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.172.11.6232-6238.1990"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0290(19970805)55:3<490::AID-BIT4>3.0.CO;2-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0269-7491(01)00108-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.70.3.1405-1412.2004"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.mi.47.100193.001403"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1020518818647"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-6445(03)00044-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2138\/rmg.2005.59.5"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_13_2","first-page":"231","article-title":"Dissimilatory metal reduction: from early life to bioremediation","volume":"68","author":"Lovley DR","year":"2002","unstructured":"Lovley DR. 2002. 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