{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T10:42:03Z","timestamp":1785408123353,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,19]],"date-time":"2025-11-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763510400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,19]],"date-time":"2025-11-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763510400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Appl Environ Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,19]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title\/>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Clostridium acetobutylicum<\/jats:italic>\n                      is an important solventogenic bacterium capable of acetone-butanol-ethanol fermentation by utilizing a variety of carbon sources. It employs the transport systems of the phosphoenolpyruvate:sugar phosphotransferase systems (PTSs) to assimilate various saccharides. Here, we investigated a \u03b2-glucoside PTS (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bglT<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) encoded by the\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bgl<\/jats:italic>\n                      operon (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bglGTH<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) in\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">C. acetobutylicum<\/jats:italic>\n                      , which showed significant expression in response to cellobiose and sucrose. Interestingly,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bglT<\/jats:italic>\n                      is not essential for the transport of these sugars, as\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">C. acetobutylicum<\/jats:italic>\n                      possesses dedicated PTSs for the uptake of each individual sugar. We further elucidated the regulatory mechanism of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bglT<\/jats:italic>\n                      , which is governed by an upstream anti-transcriptional termination factor (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bglG<\/jats:italic>\n                      ). A putative ribonucleic antiterminator (RAT) was identified upstream of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bglG<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bglT<\/jats:italic>\n                      . Inactivation of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bglG<\/jats:italic>\n                      led to consistent read-through frequencies of the genes downstream of the RAT, irrespective of the sugar present. Conversely, complete removal of RAT elevated the transcriptional levels of downstream genes, while partial deletion of RAT, causing a long stem-loop structure (terminator), resulted in transcription termination. These findings provide novel insights into the regulatory mechanisms controlling sugar utilization in\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">C. acetobutylicum<\/jats:italic>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>IMPORTANCE<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Cellulose, the most abundant organic compound on Earth, is primarily found in plant cell walls and can be broken down into sugars such as cellobiose. These sugars are crucial for microbial fermentation, especially in biofuel production.\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Clostridium acetobutylicum<\/jats:italic>\n                      , a promising microorganism for producing short-chain alcohol chemicals, can utilize cellulose degradation products as a carbon source for fermentation. This study identifies the transport systems involved in the utilization of cellobiose and other disaccharides in\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">C. acetobutylicum<\/jats:italic>\n                      and analyzes their regulatory mechanisms. Understanding these pathways is essential for enhancing biofuel production from plant biomass.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.00709-25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]],"date-time":"2025-10-08T12:54:32Z","timestamp":1759928072000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Identification and regulation of an alternative PTS for disaccharide utilization in\n                    <i>Clostridium acetobutylicum<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"91","author":[{"given":"Zhenxing","family":"Ren","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03y3e3s17","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Institute of Applied Chemistry, Shanxi University","place":["Taiyuan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-2495-0587","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zili","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03y3e3s17","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Institute of Applied Chemistry, Shanxi University","place":["Taiyuan, China"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02vj4rn06","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology and College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center for Animal Health Diagnostics & Advanced Technology, Zhejiang International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Veterinary Medicine and Health Management, China-Australia Joint Laboratory for Animal Health Big Data Analytics","place":["Hangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yali","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03y3e3s17","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Biotechnology, Shanxi University","place":["Taiyuan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mengcheng","family":"You","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03y3e3s17","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Biotechnology, Shanxi University","place":["Taiyuan, China"]},{"name":"Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine","place":["Jinzhong, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1343-8963","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Chenggang","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02vj4rn06","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology and College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center for Animal Health Diagnostics & Advanced Technology, Zhejiang International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Veterinary Medicine and Health Management, China-Australia Joint Laboratory for Animal Health Big Data Analytics","place":["Hangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2025.132094"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.indcrop.2022.115131"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rser.2016.11.213"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.iecr.0c01187"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.037085-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1201\/9780203489819.ch8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","first-page":"71","article-title":"Analysis of a catabolic operon for sucrose transport and metabolism in Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824","volume":"2","author":"Tangney M","year":"2000","unstructured":"Tangney M, Mitchell WJ. 2000. 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