{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]],"date-time":"2026-01-19T15:12:40Z","timestamp":1768835560459,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,15]],"date-time":"2017-07-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1500076800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100015360","name":"State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2014SKLID101"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2014SKLID101"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100015360","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81401715"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81401715"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Appl Environ Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,15]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n Vibrio cholerae<\/jats:named-content>\n is an important human pathogen and environmental microflora species that can both propagate in the human intestine and proliferate in zooplankton and aquatic organisms. Cholera is transmitted through food and water. In recent years, outbreaks caused by\n V. cholerae<\/jats:named-content>\n -contaminated soft-shelled turtles, contaminated mainly with toxigenic serogroup O139, have been frequently reported, posing a new foodborne disease public health problem. In this study, the colonization by toxigenic\n V. cholerae<\/jats:named-content>\n on the body surfaces and intestines of soft-shelled turtles was explored. Preferred colonization sites on the turtle body surfaces, mainly the carapace and calipash of the dorsal side, were observed for the O139 and O1 strains. Intestinal colonization was also found. The colonization factors of\n V. cholerae<\/jats:named-content>\n played different roles in the colonization of the soft-shelled turtle's body surface and intestine. Mannose-sensitive hemagglutinin (MSHA) of\n V. cholerae<\/jats:named-content>\n was necessary for body surface colonization, but no roles were found for toxin-coregulated pili (TCP) or\n N<\/jats:italic>\n -acetylglucosamine-binding protein A (GBPA). Both TCP and GBPA play important roles for colonization in the intestine, whereas the deletion of MSHA revealed only a minor colonization-promoting role for this factor. Our study demonstrated that\n V. cholerae<\/jats:named-content>\n can colonize the surfaces and the intestines of soft-shelled turtles and indicated that the soft-shelled turtles played a role in the transmission of cholera. In addition, this study showed that the soft-shelled turtle has potential value as an animal model in studies of the colonization and environmental adaption mechanisms of\n V. cholerae<\/jats:named-content>\n in aquatic organisms.\n <\/jats:p>\n \n IMPORTANCE<\/jats:bold>\n Cholera is transmitted through water and food. Soft-shelled turtles contaminated with\n Vibrio cholerae<\/jats:named-content>\n (commonly the serogroup O139 strains) have caused many foodborne infections and outbreaks in recent years, and they have become a foodborne disease problem. Except for epidemiological investigations, no experimental studies have demonstrated the colonization by\n V. cholerae<\/jats:named-content>\n on soft-shelled turtles. The present studies will benefit our understanding of the interaction between\n V. cholerae<\/jats:named-content>\n and the soft-shelled turtle. We demonstrated the colonization by\n V. cholerae<\/jats:named-content>\n on the soft-shelled turtle's body surface and in the intestine and revealed the different roles of major\n V. cholerae<\/jats:named-content>\n factors for colonization on the body surface and in the intestine. Our work provides experimental evidence for the role of soft-shelled turtles in cholera transmission. In addition, this study also shows the possibility for the soft-shelled turtle to serve as a new animal model for studying the interaction between\n V. cholerae<\/jats:named-content>\n and aquatic hosts.\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.00713-17","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,10]],"date-time":"2017-06-10T01:04:21Z","timestamp":1497056661000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Vibrio cholerae Colonization of Soft-Shelled Turtles"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"83","author":[{"given":"Jiazheng","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China"},{"name":"Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Meiying","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China"},{"name":"Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"He","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China"},{"name":"Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China"},{"name":"Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Biao","family":"Kan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China"},{"name":"Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)60436-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.8.1.48"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(93)90481-U"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(93)90480-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.63.8.3323-3326.1997"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.45.1.275-283.1983"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0308707101"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","first-page":"304","article-title":"Identification and molecular study on vibrio cholerae in sea products","volume":"41","author":"Chang ZR","year":"2007","unstructured":"Chang ZR ZhangJ WangDC ZhongHJ XuJ RanL WangMW WangZJ KanB. 2007. 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