{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T21:11:49Z","timestamp":1789938709751,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":80,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,15]],"date-time":"2016-08-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1471219200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IIA-1243433"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IIA-1243433"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Appl Environ Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            This paper examines the recovery of the enteric adenovirus human adenovirus 40 (HAdV 40) by cross-flow ultrafiltration and interprets recovery values in terms of physicochemical interactions of virions during sample concentration. Prior to ultrafiltration, membranes were either blocked by exposure to calf serum (CS) or coated with a polyelectrolyte multilayer (PEM). HAdV 40 is a hydrophobic virus with a point of zero charge between pH 4.0 and pH 4.3. In accordance with predictions from the extended Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek theory, the preelution recovery of HAdV (\n            <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n            <jats:sub>pre<\/jats:sub>\n            ) from deionized water was higher with PEM-coated membranes (\n            <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n            <jats:sub arrange=\"stack\">pre<\/jats:sub>\n            <jats:sup arrange=\"stack\">PEM<\/jats:sup>\n            = 74.8% \u00b1 9.7%) than with CS-blocked membranes (\n            <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n            <jats:sub arrange=\"stack\">pre<\/jats:sub>\n            <jats:sup arrange=\"stack\">CS<\/jats:sup>\n            = 54.1% \u00b1 6.2%). With either membrane type, the total virion recovery after elution (\n            <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n            <jats:sub>post<\/jats:sub>\n            ) was high for both deionized water (\n            <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n            <jats:sub arrange=\"stack\">post<\/jats:sub>\n            <jats:sup arrange=\"stack\">PEM<\/jats:sup>\n            = 99.5% \u00b1 6.6% and\n            <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n            <jats:sub arrange=\"stack\">post<\/jats:sub>\n            <jats:sup arrange=\"stack\">CS<\/jats:sup>\n            = 98.8% \u00b1 7.7%) and tap water (\n            <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n            <jats:sub arrange=\"stack\">post<\/jats:sub>\n            <jats:sup arrange=\"stack\">PEM<\/jats:sup>\n            = 89% \u00b1 15% and\n            <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n            <jats:sub arrange=\"stack\">post<\/jats:sub>\n            <jats:sup arrange=\"stack\">CS<\/jats:sup>\n            = 93.7% \u00b1 6.9%). The nearly 100% recoveries suggest that the polyanion (sodium polyphosphate) and surfactant (Tween 80) in the eluent disrupt electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions between the virion and the membrane. Addition of EDTA to the eluent greatly improved the elution efficacy (\n            <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n            <jats:sub arrange=\"stack\">post<\/jats:sub>\n            <jats:sup arrange=\"stack\">CS<\/jats:sup>\n            = 88.6% \u00b1 4.3% and\n            <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n            <jats:sub arrange=\"stack\">post<\/jats:sub>\n            <jats:sup arrange=\"stack\">PEM<\/jats:sup>\n            = 87.0% \u00b1 6.9%) with surface water, even when the organic carbon concentration in the water was high (9.4 \u00b1 0.1 mg\/liter). EDTA likely disrupts cation bridging between virions and particles in the feed water matrix or the fouling layer on the membrane surface. For complex water matrices, the eluent composition is the most important factor for achieving high virion recovery.\n          <\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:bold>IMPORTANCE<\/jats:bold>\n            Herein we present the results of a comprehensive physicochemical characterization of HAdV 40, an important human pathogen. The data on HAdV 40 surface properties enabled rigorous modeling to gain an understanding of the energetics of virion-virion and virion-filter interactions. Cross-flow filtration for concentration and recovery of HAdV 40 was evaluated, with postelution recoveries from ultrapure water (99%), tap water (\u223c91%), and high-carbon-content surface water (\u223c84%) being demonstrated. These results are significant because of the very low adenovirus recoveries that have been reported, to date, for other methods. The recovery data were interpreted in terms of specific interactions, and the eluent composition was designed accordingly to maximize HAdV 40 recovery.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.00870-16","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,11]],"date-time":"2016-06-11T05:20:17Z","timestamp":1465622417000},"page":"4982-4993","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Elution Is a Critical Step for Recovering Human Adenovirus 40 from Tap Water and Surface Water by Cross-Flow Ultrafiltration"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"82","author":[{"given":"Hang","family":"Shi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irene","family":"Xagoraraki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6095-0628","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kristin N.","family":"Parent","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Merlin L.","family":"Bruening","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8031-1954","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Volodymyr V.","family":"Tarabara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","volume-title":"Burden of disease and cost-effectiveness estimates","author":"WHO","year":"2016","unstructured":"WHO. 2016. 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