{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T23:09:54Z","timestamp":1791846594309,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,1]],"date-time":"2008-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1228089600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Appl Environ Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>Bacterial biofilms cause numerous problems in health care and industry; notably, biofilms are associated with a large number of infections. Biofilm-dwelling bacteria are particularly resistant to antibiotics, making it hard to eradicate biofilm-associated infections. Bacteria rely on efflux pumps to get rid of toxic substances. We discovered that efflux pumps are highly active in bacterial biofilms, thus making efflux pumps attractive targets for antibiofilm measures. A number of efflux pump inhibitors (EPIs) are known. EPIs were shown to reduce biofilm formation, and in combination they could abolish biofilm formation completely. Also, EPIs were able to block the antibiotic tolerance of biofilms. The results of this feasibility study might pave the way for new treatments for biofilm-related infections and may be exploited for prevention of biofilms in general.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.01310-08","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,10,4]],"date-time":"2008-10-04T01:09:42Z","timestamp":1223082582000},"page":"7376-7382","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":329,"title":["Inactivation of Efflux Pumps Abolishes Bacterial Biofilm Formation"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"74","author":[{"given":"Malin","family":"Kvist","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbial Adhesion Group, Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Viktoria","family":"Hancock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbial Adhesion Group, Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Per","family":"Klemm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbial Adhesion Group, Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.43.11.2624"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.44.7.1818-1824.2000"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.49.2.849-852.2005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.48.3.1043-1046.2004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0076-6879(99)10004-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10408410500304074"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.32.8.1187"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.33.8.1318"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.284.5418.1318"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.mi.49.100195.003431"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.120163297"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.45.6.1761-1770.2001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0809.020063"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.2006\/004721-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.01117-06"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2004.04368.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.49.9.3858-3867.2005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1462-2920.2005.00775.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.01748-06"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/00221287-146-10-2395"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dki445"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2217\/17460913.2.6.643"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.43.2.424"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.182.11.3142-3150.2000"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","first-page":"56","volume":"6","year":"2007","unstructured":"Lomovskaya, O., H. Zgurskaya, M. Totrov, and W. Watkins. 2007. Waltzing transporters and \u2018the dance macabre\u2019 between humans and bacteria. Nat. Rev.6:56-65.","journal-title":"Nat. Rev."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00601-07"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.175.19.6299-6313.1993"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0966-842X(00)01913-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature02122"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biochi.2005.04.012"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.35.3.519"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_2","unstructured":"Methods for dilution antimicrobial susceptibility tests for bacteria that grow aerobically 1997"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_2","first-page":"35","volume":"1","year":"2002","unstructured":"Nelson, M. 2002. Modulation of antibiotic efflux in bacteria. Curr. Med. Chem.1:35-54.","journal-title":"Curr. Med. Chem."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.178.20.5853-5859.1996"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt1105-1378"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.19.2.382-402.2006"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dki171"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.44.9.2233-2241.2000"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.175.22.7363-7372.1993"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.40.9.2021"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jm9904598"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.01959-05"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.2003.03531.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/318850"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.46.8.2458-2461.2002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.186.21.7196-7204.2004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0924-8579(00)00359-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.01655-07"}],"container-title":["Applied and Environmental Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/AEM.01310-08","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/AEM.01310-08","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,23]],"date-time":"2022-02-23T16:42:16Z","timestamp":1645634536000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/AEM.01310-08"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,12]]},"references-count":48,"journal-issue":{"issue":"23","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/AEM.01310-08"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/aem.01310-08","relation":{},"ISSN":["0099-2240","1098-5336"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0099-2240","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-5336","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2008-06-12","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2008-09-21","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2008-12-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}