{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T07:20:59Z","timestamp":1792480859600,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,15]],"date-time":"2016-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1473897600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SFB766"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SFB766"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Appl Environ Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            Although anionic glycopolymers are crucial components of the Gram-positive cell envelope, the relevance of anionic glycopolymers for vegetative growth and morphological differentiation of\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Streptomyces coelicolor<\/jats:named-content>\n            A3(2) is unknown. Here, we show that the LytR-CpsA-Psr (LCP) protein PdtA (SCO2578), a TagV-like glycopolymer transferase, has a dual function in the\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">S. coelicolor<\/jats:named-content>\n            A3(2) life cycle. Despite the presence of 10 additional LCP homologs, PdtA is crucial for proper sporulation. The integrity of the spore envelope was severely affected in a\n            <jats:italic>pdtA<\/jats:italic>\n            deletion mutant, resulting in 34% nonviable spores.\n            <jats:italic>pdtA<\/jats:italic>\n            deletion caused a significant reduction in the polydiglycosylphosphate content of the spore envelope. Beyond that, apical tip extension and normal branching of vegetative mycelium were severely impaired on high-salt medium. This growth defect coincided with the mislocalization of peptidoglycan synthesis. Thus, PdtA itself or the polydiglycosylphosphate attached to the peptidoglycan by the glycopolymer transferase PdtA also has a crucial function in apical tip extension of vegetative hyphae under stress conditions.\n          <\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:bold>IMPORTANCE<\/jats:bold>\n            Anionic glycopolymers are underappreciated components of the Gram-positive cell envelope. They provide rigidity to the cell wall and position extracellular enzymes involved in peptidoglycan remodeling. Although\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Streptomyces coelicolor<\/jats:named-content>\n            A3(2), the model organism for bacterial antibiotic production, is known to produce two distinct cell wall-linked glycopolymers, teichulosonic acid and polydiglycosylphosphate, the role of these glycopolymers in the\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">S. coelicolor<\/jats:named-content>\n            A3(2) life cycle has not been addressed so far. This study reveals a crucial function of the anionic glycopolymer polydiglycosylphosphate for the growth and morphological differentiation of\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">S. coelicolor<\/jats:named-content>\n            A3(2). Polydiglycosylphosphate is attached to the spore wall by the LytR-CpsA-Psr protein PdtA (SCO2578), a component of the\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Streptomyces<\/jats:named-content>\n            spore wall-synthesizing complex (SSSC), to ensure the integrity of the spore envelope. Surprisingly, PdtA also has a crucial role in vegetative growth under stress conditions and is required for proper peptidoglycan incorporation during apical tip extension.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.01425-16","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,16]],"date-time":"2016-07-16T03:19:05Z","timestamp":1468639145000},"page":"5661-5672","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Polydiglycosylphosphate Transferase PdtA (SCO2578) of Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) Is Crucial for Proper Sporulation and Apical Tip Extension under Stress Conditions"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"82","author":[{"given":"Steffen","family":"Sigle","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Interfakultaeres Institut f\u00fcr Mikrobiologie und Infektionsmedizin Tuebingen IMIT, Mikrobiologie\/Biotechnologie, Eberhard Karls Universitaet Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nadja","family":"Steblau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interfakultaeres Institut f\u00fcr Mikrobiologie und Infektionsmedizin Tuebingen IMIT, Mikrobiologie\/Biotechnologie, Eberhard Karls Universitaet Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wolfgang","family":"Wohlleben","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interfakultaeres Institut f\u00fcr Mikrobiologie und Infektionsmedizin Tuebingen IMIT, Mikrobiologie\/Biotechnologie, Eberhard Karls Universitaet Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G\u00fcnther","family":"Muth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interfakultaeres Institut f\u00fcr Mikrobiologie und Infektionsmedizin Tuebingen IMIT, Mikrobiologie\/Biotechnologie, Eberhard Karls Universitaet Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/MMBR.62.1.181-203.1998"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/br.36.4.407-477.1972"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","first-page":"33","article-title":"Teichoic acids and the bacterial cell wall","volume":"23","author":"Baddiley J","year":"1964","unstructured":"Baddiley J. 1964. Teichoic acids and the bacterial cell wall. Endeavour 23:33\u201337.","journal-title":"Endeavour"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-micro-092412-155620"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1004304107"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.184.15.4316-4320.2002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.00611-08"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cbic.200800026"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/cb100390w"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/emboj.2011.358"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/00221287-138-9-1949"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2164-9-617"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M005702200"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.185.20.5925-5935.2003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/mmi.12825"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mib.2003.10.011"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1305358110"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1210657110"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.00839-08"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2012.08107.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.mi.47.100193.003345"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro1968"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2010.07529.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmm.2014.12.014"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0125425"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.05782-11"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carres.2012.05.018"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","volume-title":"Molecular cloning: a laboratory manual","author":"Sambrook J","year":"2001","unstructured":"Sambrook J, Russell DW. 2001. Molecular cloning: a laboratory manual, 3rd ed. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, NY.","edition":"3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","volume-title":"Practical Streptomyces genetics","author":"Kieser T","year":"2000","unstructured":"Kieser T, Bibb MJ, Buttner MJ, Chater KF, Hopwood DA. 2000. Practical Streptomyces genetics. The John Innes Foundation, Norwich, United Kingdom."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.2019"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01372-10"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.172.9.5154-5159.1990"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ac60119a033"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(79)90170-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ab.2008.01.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/elps.1150080203"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_38_2","first-page":"166","article-title":"TMbase\u2013a database of membrane spanning protein segments","volume":"374","author":"Hofmann K","year":"1993","unstructured":"Hofmann K, Stoffel W. 1993. TMbase\u2013a database of membrane spanning protein segments. Biol Chem Hoppe-Seyler 374:166.","journal-title":"Biol Chem Hoppe-Seyler"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkr931"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/25.17.3389"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0060665"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_42_2","first-page":"237","article-title":"Evaluation of the hydrophobicity of bacterial cells by measuring their adherence to chloroform drops","volume":"71","author":"Serebriakova EV","year":"2002","unstructured":"Serebriakova EV, Darmov IV, Medvedev NP, Alekseev SA, Rybak SI. 2002. Evaluation of the hydrophobicity of bacterial cells by measuring their adherence to chloroform drops. Mikrobiologiia 71:237\u2013239. (In Russian.)","journal-title":"Mikrobiologiia"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.01100-10"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2006.05134.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_45_2","first-page":"275","article-title":"The teichoic acids of actinomycetes","volume":"5","author":"Naumova I","year":"1988","unstructured":"Naumova I. 1988. The teichoic acids of actinomycetes. Microbiol Sci 5:275\u2013279.","journal-title":"Microbiol Sci"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2672.92.5s1.7.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4161\/bioa.26194"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/tcr.201000005"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpj.2013.04.047"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12223-014-0306-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-1119(87)90149-1"}],"container-title":["Applied and Environmental Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/AEM.01425-16","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/AEM.01425-16","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,23]],"date-time":"2022-02-23T18:17:51Z","timestamp":1645640271000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/AEM.01425-16"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"M. A.","family":"Elliot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,15]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"18","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,15]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/AEM.01425-16"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/aem.01425-16","relation":{},"ISSN":["0099-2240","1098-5336"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0099-2240","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-5336","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2016-05-11","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2016-07-06","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2016-08-30","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}