{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,19]],"date-time":"2026-03-19T20:23:25Z","timestamp":1773951805619,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,2,15]],"date-time":"2010-02-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1266192000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Appl Environ Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,2,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Vibrio cholerae<\/jats:italic>has been shown to adhere to cornstarch granules. The present work explored the mechanisms involved in this adhesion and the possibility of its occurrence<jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>. The findings suggest that both specific and nonspecific interactions are involved in the adhesion. Nonspecific hydrophobic interactions may play a role, since both<jats:italic>V. cholerae<\/jats:italic>and cornstarch granules exhibited hydrophobic properties when they were tested using a xylene-water system. In addition, the presence of bile acids reduced the adhesion. The adhesion also involves some specific carbohydrate-binding moieties on the cell surface, as reflected by reduced adhesion following pretreatment of the bacteria with proteinase K and sodium<jats:italic>m<\/jats:italic>-periodate. Further investigations supported these observations and showed that media containing low-molecular-weight carbohydrates had a significant inhibitory effect. Binding cell lysate to starch granules and removing the adhered proteins using either glucose or bile acids led to identification (by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis) of several candidate<jats:italic>V. cholerae<\/jats:italic>outer membrane-associated starch-binding proteins. Different sets of proteins were isolated by removal in a glucose solution or bile acids. When the upper gastrointestinal tract conditions were simulated<jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>, both bile salts and the amylolytic activity of the pancreatic juices were found to have an inhibitory effect on the adherence of<jats:italic>V. cholerae<\/jats:italic>to starch. However, during acute diarrhea, this inhibitory effect may be significantly reduced due to dilution, suggesting that adhesion does occur<jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>. Such adhesion may contribute to the beneficial effects observed following administration of granular starch-based oral rehydration solutions to cholera patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.01533-09","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,19]],"date-time":"2009-12-19T02:43:36Z","timestamp":1261190616000},"page":"1034-1043","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Mechanisms Involved in Governing Adherence of<i>Vibrio cholerae<\/i>to Granular Starch"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"76","author":[{"given":"Orly","family":"Niderman-Meyer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion\u2014Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tal","family":"Zeidman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion\u2014Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eyal","family":"Shimoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion\u2014Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yechezkel","family":"Kashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion\u2014Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","first-page":"1","year":"2000","unstructured":"An, Y. 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