{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T13:24:12Z","timestamp":1791293052477,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,2,1]],"date-time":"2008-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1201824000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Appl Environ Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            Spores from four\n            <jats:italic>Geobacillus<\/jats:italic>\n            spp. were isolated from a milk powder manufacturing line in New Zealand. Liquid sporulation media produced spore yields of \u223c10\n            <jats:sup>7<\/jats:sup>\n            spores ml\n            <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n            ; spores were purified using a two-phase system created with polyethylene glycol 4000 and 3 M phosphate buffer. The zeta potentials of the spores from the four isolates ranged from \u221210 to \u221220 mV at neutral pH, with an isoelectric point between pH 3 and 4. Through contact angle measurements, spores were found to be hydrophilic and had relative hydrophobicity values of 10 to 40%, as measured by the microbial adhesion to hexadecane assay. The most hydrophilic spore isolate with the smallest negative charge attached in the highest numbers to Thermanox and stainless steel (1 \u00d7 10\n            <jats:sup>4<\/jats:sup>\n            spores cm\n            <jats:sup>\u22122<\/jats:sup>\n            ), with fewer spores attaching to glass (3 \u00d7 10\n            <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n            spores cm\n            <jats:sup>\u22122<\/jats:sup>\n            ). However, spores produced by the other three strains attached in similar numbers (\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            &gt; 0.05) to all substrata (\u223c1 \u00d7 10\n            <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n            spores cm\n            <jats:sup>\u22122<\/jats:sup>\n            ), indicating that there was no simple relationship between individual physicochemical interactions and spore adherence. Therefore, surface modifications which limit the attachment of one strain may not be effective for all stains, and control regimens need to be devised with reference to the characteristics of the particular strains of concern.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.01725-07","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,12,15]],"date-time":"2007-12-15T01:54:26Z","timestamp":1197683666000},"page":"731-737","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":83,"title":["Recovery of Spores from Thermophilic Dairy Bacilli and Effects of Their Surface Characteristics on Attachment to Different Surfaces"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"74","author":[{"given":"R. B.","family":"Seale","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Science, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S. 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