{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T10:15:45Z","timestamp":1790417745820,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,15]],"date-time":"2012-11-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1352937600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Appl Environ Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            Carriage of animal-associated methicillin-resistant\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:named-content>\n            (MRSA) clonal complex 398 (CC398) is common among pig farmers. This study was conducted (i) to investigate whether pig farmers are colonized with pig-specific\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">S. aureus<\/jats:named-content>\n            genotypes other than CC398 and (ii) to survey antimicrobial resistance of\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">S. aureus<\/jats:named-content>\n            isolates from pigs and pig farmers. Forty-eight\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">S. aureus<\/jats:named-content>\n            isolates from pig farmers and veterinarians and 130 isolates from pigs collected in Western Switzerland were genotyped by\n            <jats:italic>spa<\/jats:italic>\n            typing and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP). Antimicrobial resistance profiles were determined for representative sample of the isolates. The data obtained earlier on healthy\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">S. aureus<\/jats:named-content>\n            carriers without exposure to agriculture were used for comparison. The genotype composition of\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">S. aureus<\/jats:named-content>\n            isolates from pig farmers and veterinarians was similar to isolates from pigs with predominant AFLP clusters CC398, CC9, and CC49. The resistance to tetracycline and macrolides (clarithromycin) was common among the isolates from farmers and veterinarians (52 and 21%, respectively) and similar to resistance levels in isolates from pigs (39 and 23%, respectively). This was in contrast to isolates from persons without contact with agriculture, where no (0\/128) isolates were resistant to tetracycline and 3% of the isolates were resistant to clarithromycin. MRSA CC398 was isolated from pigs (\n            <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n            = 11) and pig farmers (\n            <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n            = 5). These data imply that zoonotic transmission of multidrug-resistant\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">S. aureus<\/jats:named-content>\n            from pigs to farmers is frequent, and well-known MRSA transmission merely represents the tip of the iceberg for this phenomenon. We speculate that the relatively low frequency of MRSA isolation is related to lower antimicrobial use in Switzerland compared to, for example, the Netherlands.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.01902-12","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,8]],"date-time":"2012-09-08T03:47:37Z","timestamp":1347076057000},"page":"8010-8014","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":59,"title":["Antimicrobial Resistance of Staphylococcus aureus Strains Acquired by Pig Farmers from Pigs"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"78","author":[{"given":"Anne","family":"Oppliger","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut Universitaire Romand de Sant\u00e9 au Travail, University of Lausanne and Geneva, Lausanne, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philippe","family":"Moreillon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Fundamental Microbiology, University of Lausanne, Biophore, Lausanne, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicole","family":"Charri\u00e8re","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut Universitaire Romand de Sant\u00e9 au Travail, University of Lausanne and Geneva, Lausanne, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marlyse","family":"Giddey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Fundamental Microbiology, University of Lausanne, Biophore, Lausanne, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Delphine","family":"Morisset","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Fundamental Microbiology, University of Lausanne, Biophore, Lausanne, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olga","family":"Sakwinska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Fundamental Microbiology, University of Lausanne, Biophore, Lausanne, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1105.040866"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2009.10.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","volume-title":"Recommendations 2008","author":"Comit\u00e9 de l'Antibiogramme de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Fran\u00e7aise de Microbiologie","year":"2008","unstructured":"Comit\u00e9 de l'Antibiogramme de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Fran\u00e7aise de Microbiologie. 2008. 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