{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T00:48:02Z","timestamp":1777510082058,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,1]],"date-time":"2013-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1383264000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Appl Environ Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Legionella<\/jats:named-content>\n            is ubiquitous in many environments. At least 50 species and 70 serogroups of the Gram-negative bacterium have been identified. Of the 50 species, 20 are pathogenic, and\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Legionella pneumophila<\/jats:named-content>\n            is responsible for the great majority (approximately 90%) of the Legionnaires' disease cases that occur. Furthermore, of the 15\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">L. pneumophila<\/jats:named-content>\n            serogroups identified, O1 alone causes more than 84% of the Legionnaires' disease cases that occur worldwide. Rapid and reliable assays for the detection and identification of\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">L. pneumophila<\/jats:named-content>\n            in water, environmental, and clinical samples are in great demand.\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">L. pneumophila<\/jats:named-content>\n            bacteria are traditionally identified by their O antigens by immunological methods. We have recently developed an O serogroup-specific DNA microarray for the detection of all 15 distinct O-antigen forms of\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">L. pneumophila<\/jats:named-content>\n            , including serogroups O1 to O15. A total of 35 strains were used to verify the specificity of the microarray, including 15\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">L. pneumophila<\/jats:named-content>\n            O-antigen standard reference strains and seven\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">L. pneumophila<\/jats:named-content>\n            clinical isolates as target strains, seven reference strains of other non-\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">pneumophila Legionella<\/jats:named-content>\n            species as closely related strains, and six non-\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Legionella<\/jats:named-content>\n            bacterial species as nonrelated strains. The detection sensitivity was 1 ng of genomic DNA or 0.4 CFU\/ml in water samples with filter enrichment and plate culturing. This study demonstrated that the microarray allows specific, sensitive, and reproducible detection of\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">L. pneumophila<\/jats:named-content>\n            serogroups. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a microarray serotyping method for all 15 distinct O-antigen forms of\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">L. pneumophila<\/jats:named-content>\n            .\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.01957-13","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,24]],"date-time":"2013-08-24T05:03:54Z","timestamp":1377320634000},"page":"6647-6654","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Development of a DNA Microarray Method for Detection and Identification of All 15 Distinct O-Antigen Forms of Legionella pneumophila"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"79","author":[{"given":"Boyang","family":"Cao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology of the Ministry of Education, TEDA College, Nankai University, TEDA, Tianjin, People's Republic of 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