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However, due to bias in strain recovery,\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">L. monocytogenes<\/jats:named-content>\n            strains isolated from foods by selective enrichment (SE) might not always represent those that can better survive the immune system of a patient. We investigated the effect of cocultivation in tryptic soy broth with 0.6% yeast extract (TSB-Y) at 10\u00b0C for 8 days on (i) the detection of\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">L. monocytogenes<\/jats:named-content>\n            strains during SE with the ISO 11290-1:1996\/Amd 1:2004 protocol and (ii) the\n            <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n            virulence of strains toward the Caco-2 human colon epithelial cancer cell line following exposure to simulated gastric fluid (SGF; pH 2.0)-HCl (37\u00b0C). We determined whether the strains which were favored by SE would be effective competitors under the conditions of challenges related to gastrointestinal passage of the pathogen. Interstrain competition of\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">L. monocytogenes<\/jats:named-content>\n            in TSB-Y determined the relative population of each strain at the beginning of SE. This in turn impacted the outcome of SE (i.e., favoring survival of competitors with better fitness) and the levels exposed subsequently to SGF. However, strong growth competitors could be outcompeted after SGF exposure and infection of Caco-2 cells by strains outgrown in TSB-Y and underdetected (or even missed) during enrichment. Our data demonstrate a preferential selection of certain\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">L. monocytogenes<\/jats:named-content>\n            strains during enrichments, often not reflecting a selective advantage of strains during infection. These findings highlight a noteworthy scenario associated with the difficulty of matching the source of infection (food) with the\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">L. monocytogenes<\/jats:named-content>\n            isolate appearing to be the causative agent during listeriosis outbreak investigations.\n          <\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:bold>IMPORTANCE<\/jats:bold>\n            This report is relevant to understanding the processes involved in selection and prevalence of certain\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">L. monocytogenes<\/jats:named-content>\n            strains in different environments (i.e., foods or sites of humans exposed to the pathogen). It highlights the occurrence of multiple strains in the same food as an important aspect contributing to mismatches between clinical isolates and infection sources during listeriosis outbreak investigations.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.02120-16","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,17]],"date-time":"2016-09-17T02:29:35Z","timestamp":1474079375000},"page":"6846-6858","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Listeria monocytogenes Strains Underrepresented during Selective Enrichment with an ISO Method Might Dominate during Passage through Simulated Gastric Fluid and\n            <i>In Vitro<\/i>\n            Infection of Caco-2 Cells"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"82","author":[{"given":"Evangelia","family":"Zilelidou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Agricultural University of Athens, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Laboratory of Food 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