{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]],"date-time":"2026-10-26T13:23:43Z","timestamp":1793021023552,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,1]],"date-time":"2020-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1585699200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,1]],"date-time":"2020-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1585699200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009188","name":"Department of Agriculture and Water Resources, Australian Government","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NA"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NA"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009188","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Appl Environ Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            <jats:italic>Campylobacter<\/jats:italic>\n            is one of the most common causes of gastroenteritis in humans, with infections frequently resulting from exposure to undercooked poultry products. Although human illness is typically self-limiting, a minority of cases do require antimicrobial therapy. Ensuring that\n            <jats:italic>Campylobacter<\/jats:italic>\n            originating from meat chickens does not acquire resistance to fluoroquinolones is therefore a valuable outcome for public health. Australia has never legalized the use of fluoroquinolones in commercial chickens and until now fluoroquinolone-resistant\n            <jats:italic>Campylobacter<\/jats:italic>\n            has not been detected in the Australian poultry. This structured survey of meat chickens derived from all major Australian producers describes the unexpected emergence of fluoroquinolone resistance in\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Campylobacter jejuni<\/jats:named-content>\n            and\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">C. coli<\/jats:named-content>\n            . Genetic characterization suggests that these isolates may have evolved outside the Australian poultry sector and were introduced into poultry by humans, pest species, or wild birds. The findings dramatically underline the critical role of biosecurity in the overall fight against antimicrobial resistance.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.02765-19","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,10]],"date-time":"2020-02-10T11:47:45Z","timestamp":1581335265000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":55,"title":["Emergence of Fluoroquinolone-Resistant\n            <i>Campylobacter jejuni<\/i>\n            and\n            <i>Campylobacter coli<\/i>\n            among Australian Chickens in the Absence of Fluoroquinolone Use"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"86","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0950-2317","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sam","family":"Abraham","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Antimicrobial Resistance and Infectious Diseases Laboratory, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7362-8323","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shafi","family":"Sahibzada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Antimicrobial Resistance and Infectious Diseases Laboratory, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kylie","family":"Hewson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Australian Chicken Meat Federation, North Sydney, NSW, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tanya","family":"Laird","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Antimicrobial Resistance and Infectious Diseases Laboratory, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebecca","family":"Abraham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Antimicrobial Resistance and Infectious Diseases Laboratory, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anthony","family":"Pavic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Birling Avian Laboratories, Bringelly, NSW, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7920-5855","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alec","family":"Truswell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Antimicrobial Resistance and Infectious Diseases Laboratory, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5456-3162","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Terence","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Antimicrobial Resistance and Infectious Diseases Laboratory, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"O\u2019Dea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Antimicrobial Resistance and Infectious Diseases Laboratory, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Jordan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"New South Wales Department of Primary Industries, Wollongbar, NSW, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cit555"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2217\/17460913.4.2.189"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/509936"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2011.00200"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.00862-09"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/512369"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/591530"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-108-4-540"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","volume-title":"Critically important antimicrobials for human medicine: ranking of antimicrobial agents for risk management of antimicrobial resistance due to non-human use","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2017","unstructured":"World Health Organization. 2017. Critically important antimicrobials for human medicine: ranking of antimicrobial agents for risk management of antimicrobial resistance due to non-human use. World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.7647"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/mgen.0.000198"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2018.5182"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0911.030336"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","volume-title":"Surveillance and reporting of antimicrobial resistance and antibiotic usage in animals and agriculture in Australia","author":"Shaban R","year":"2014","unstructured":"Shaban R, Simon G, Trott D, Turnidge J, Jordan D. 2014. Surveillance and reporting of antimicrobial resistance and antibiotic usage in animals and agriculture in Australia. Department of Agriculture, The Australian Government, Canberra, Australia."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/503426"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","volume-title":"Pilot surveillance program for Antimicrobial resistance in bacteria of animal origin","author":"Department of Agriculture, Fisheries, and Forestry","year":"2007","unstructured":"Australian Department of Agriculture, Fisheries, and Forestry. 2007. Pilot surveillance program for Antimicrobial resistance in bacteria of animal origin. Australian Government Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry, Canberra, Australia. https:\/\/www.agriculture.gov.au\/animal\/health\/amr\/antimicrobial-resistance-bacteria-animal-origin."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","volume-title":"DANMAP 2016: use of antimicrobial agents and occurrence of antimicrobial resistance in bacteria from food animals, food and humans in Denmark","author":"Borck H\u00f8g B","year":"2017","unstructured":"Borck H\u00f8g B, Korsgaard HB, Wolff-S\u00f6nksen U, Bager F, Bortolaia V, Ellis-Iversen J, Vorobieva V (ed). 2017. DANMAP 2016: use of antimicrobial agents and occurrence of antimicrobial resistance in bacteria from food animals, food and humans in Denmark. Statens Serum Institut\/National Veterinary Institute\/Technical University of Denmark National Food Institute\/Technical University of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","volume-title":"Usage of antimicrobial agents and occurrence of antimicrobial resistance in Norway","author":"NORM\/NORM-VET","year":"2016","unstructured":"NORM\/NORM-VET. 2016. Usage of antimicrobial agents and occurrence of antimicrobial resistance in Norway. NORM\/NORM-VET, Troms\u00f8, Norway."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","volume-title":"Consumption of antibiotics and occurrence of antibiotic resistance in Sweden","author":"Swedres-Svarm","year":"2015","unstructured":"Swedres-Svarm. 2015. Consumption of antibiotics and occurrence of antibiotic resistance in Sweden. Swedres-Svarm, Solna, Sweden."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41396-018-0200-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12688\/wellcomeopenres.14826.1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","volume-title":"The National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System: NARMS integrated report, 2015","author":"NARMS","year":"2017","unstructured":"NARMS. 2017. The National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System: NARMS integrated report, 2015. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, FDA, Laurel, MD."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0902.020227"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","volume-title":"The emergence of Campylobacter jejuni ST 6964 in poultry in New Zealand and its associated antimicrobial resistance","author":"Muellner P","year":"2016","unstructured":"Muellner P, Kells NJ, Campbell D. 2016. The emergence of Campylobacter jejuni ST 6964 in poultry in New Zealand and its associated antimicrobial resistance. Ministry for Primary Industries, Wellington, New Zealand. https:\/\/www.epi-interactive.com\/sites\/default\/files\/documents\/2016-16-Risk-Profile-Campylobacter-ST6964-with-SIS.PDF."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkz242"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkt526"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2017.05.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-04789-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2015.08.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01607-07"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jfs.12366"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-11-595"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_2","volume-title":"Antimicrobial resistance in human isolates of Campylobacter jejuni, 2015","author":"Williamson D","year":"2015","unstructured":"Williamson D, Dyet K, Heffernan H. 2015. Antimicrobial resistance in human isolates of Campylobacter jejuni, 2015. The Institute of Environmental Science and Research, Ltd, Wellington, New Zealand."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1348-0421.2010.00222.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13099-016-0100-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00319-19"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0224281"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_39_2","volume-title":"National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System-Enteric Bacteria (NARMS): 2007 executive report","author":"Food and Drug Administration","year":"2010","unstructured":"U.S. Food and Drug Administration. 2010. National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System-Enteric Bacteria (NARMS): 2007 executive report. Department of Health and Human Services, US Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, MD."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_40_2","volume-title":"Performance standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing; 25th informational supplement","author":"CLSI","year":"2015","unstructured":"CLSI. 2015. Performance standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing; 25th informational supplement. CLSI document M100-S25. Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute, Wayne, PA."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_41_2","volume-title":"Breakpoint tables for interpretation of MICs and zone diameters: version 8.1, valid from 2018-05-15","author":"EUCAST","year":"2018","unstructured":"EUCAST. 2018. Breakpoint tables for interpretation of MICs and zone diameters: version 8.1, valid from 2018-05-15. http:\/\/www.eucast.org\/fileadmin\/src\/media\/PDFs\/EUCAST_files\/Breakpoint_tables\/v_8.1_Breakpoint_Tables.pdf. Accessed 25 February 2019."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/cmb.2012.0021"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/mgen.0.000074"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkw359"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_45_2","volume-title":"Nullarbor","author":"Seemann TG","year":"2015","unstructured":"Seemann TG, Bulach DM, Schultz MB, Kwong JC, Howden BP. 2015. Nullarbor. Github https:\/\/github.com\/tseemann\/nullarbor. 13 October 2019."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.00416-17"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/zph.12176"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_48_2","volume-title":"Snippy: fast bacterial variant calling from NGS reads","author":"Seemann T","year":"2015","unstructured":"Seemann T. 2015. Snippy: fast bacterial variant calling from NGS reads. Github https:\/\/github.com\/tseemann\/snippy."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1004041"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btu033"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/2041-210X.12628"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_52_2","volume-title":"R: a language and environment for statistical computing, v3.5.1","author":"R Project for Statistical Computing","year":"2018","unstructured":"R Project for Statistical Computing. 2018. R: a language and environment for statistical computing, v3.5.1. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria."}],"container-title":["Applied and Environmental Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/AEM.02765-19","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/AEM.02765-19","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,23]],"date-time":"2022-02-23T19:19:49Z","timestamp":1645643989000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/AEM.02765-19"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Christopher A.","family":"Elkins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,4]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/AEM.02765-19"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/aem.02765-19","relation":{},"ISSN":["0099-2240","1098-5336"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0099-2240","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-5336","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2019-12-05","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-01-24","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-04-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e02765-19"}}