{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]],"date-time":"2026-05-06T03:39:24Z","timestamp":1778038764556,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,15]],"date-time":"2017-01-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1484438400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002341","name":"Suomen Akatemia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1285975"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1285975"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002341","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003502","name":"Ella ja Georg Ehrnroothin S\u00e4\u00e4ti\u00f6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003502","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008376","name":"Helsingin ja Uudenmaan Sairaanhoitopiiri","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["TYH2013405"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TYH2013405"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008376","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008376","name":"Helsingin ja Uudenmaan Sairaanhoitopiiri","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["TYH2015318"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TYH2015318"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008376","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Appl Environ Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Chlamydia<\/jats:named-content>\n            -like organisms (CLOs) are recently identified members of the\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Chlamydiales<\/jats:named-content>\n            order. CLOs share intracellular lifestyles and biphasic developmental cycles, and they have been detected in environmental samples as well as in various hosts such as amoebae and arthropods. In this study, we screened bat feces for the presence of CLOs by molecular analysis. Using pan-\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Chlamydiales<\/jats:named-content>\n            PCR targeting the 16S rRNA gene,\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Chlamydiales<\/jats:named-content>\n            DNA was detected in 54% of the specimens. PCR amplification, sequencing, and phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA and 23S rRNA genes were used to classify positive specimens and infer their phylogenetic relationships. Most sequences matched best with\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Rhabdochlamydia<\/jats:named-content>\n            species or uncultured\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Chlamydia<\/jats:named-content>\n            sequences identified in ticks. Another set of sequences matched best with sequences of the\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Chlamydia<\/jats:named-content>\n            genus or uncultured\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Chlamydiales<\/jats:named-content>\n            from snakes. To gain evidence of whether CLOs in bat feces are merely diet borne, we analyzed insects trapped from the same location where the bats foraged. Interestingly, the CLO sequences resembling\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Rhabdochlamydia<\/jats:named-content>\n            spp. were detected in insect material as well, but the other set of CLO sequences was not, suggesting that this set might not originate from prey. Thus, bats represent another potential host for\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Chlamydiales<\/jats:named-content>\n            and could harbor novel, previously unidentified members of this order.\n          <\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:bold>IMPORTANCE<\/jats:bold>\n            Several pathogenic viruses are known to colonize bats, and recent analyses indicate that bats are also reservoir hosts for bacterial genera.\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Chlamydia<\/jats:named-content>\n            -like organisms (CLOs) have been detected in several animal species. CLOs have high 16S rRNA sequence similarity to\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Chlamydiaceae<\/jats:named-content>\n            and exhibit similar intracellular lifestyles and biphasic developmental cycles. Our study describes the frequent occurrence of CLO DNA in bat feces, suggesting an expanding host species spectrum for the\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Chlamydiales<\/jats:named-content>\n            . As bats can acquire various infectious agents through their diet, prey insects were also studied. We identified CLO sequences in bats that matched best with sequences in prey insects but also CLO sequences not detected in prey insects. This suggests that a portion of CLO DNA present in bat feces is not prey borne. Furthermore, some sequences from bat droppings not originating from their diet might well represent novel, previously unidentified members of the\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Chlamydiales<\/jats:named-content>\n            order.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.02951-16","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,5]],"date-time":"2016-11-05T02:19:31Z","timestamp":1478312371000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Molecular Evidence of Chlamydia-Like Organisms in the Feces of Myotis daubentonii Bats"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"83","author":[{"given":"K.","family":"Hokynar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Virology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"E. 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J.","family":"Korhonen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Virology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Paavonen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7413-6793","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M.","family":"Puolakkainen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Virology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)62182-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/07853890.2010.546365"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.8.4.451"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0068861"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.syapm.2014.12.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/femspd\/ftu009"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msr161"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QCO.0b013e3282f3e6a5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00365540701558680"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cir420"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2011.04.012"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2015.05.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2006.130956"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.02183-15"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2015.04.021"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2164-15-23"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1512.090267"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00114-11"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1099\/00207713-49-2-415","article-title":"Emended description of the order Chlamydiales, proposal of Parachlamydiaceae fam. nov. and Simkaniaceae fam. nov., each containing one monotypic genus, revised taxonomy of the family Chlamydiaceae, including a new genus and five new species, and standards for the identification of organisms","volume":"49","author":"Everett KD","year":"1999","unstructured":"Everett KD BushRM AndersenAA. 1999. 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