{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T21:25:43Z","timestamp":1790717143512,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,15]],"date-time":"2017-04-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1492214400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GZ: HO 930\/5-2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GZ: HO 930\/5-2"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Appl Environ Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Legionella pneumophila<\/jats:named-content>\n                    causes waterborne infections resulting in severe pneumonia. High-resolution genotyping of\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">L. pneumophila<\/jats:named-content>\n                    isolates can be achieved by multiple-locus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis (MLVA). Recently, we found that different MLVA genotypes of\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">L. pneumophila<\/jats:named-content>\n                    dominated different sites in a small drinking-water network, with a genotype-related temperature and abundance regime. The present study focuses on understanding the temperature-dependent growth kinetics of the genotypes that dominated the water network. Our aim was to model mathematically the influence of temperature on the growth kinetics of different environmental and clinical\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">L. pneumophila<\/jats:named-content>\n                    genotypes and to compare it with the influence of their ecological niches. Environmental strains showed a distinct temperature preference, with significant differences among the growth kinetics of the three studied genotypes (Gt4, Gt6, and Gt15). Gt4 strains exhibited superior growth at lower temperatures (25 and 30\u00b0C), while Gt15 strains appeared to be best adapted to relatively higher temperatures (42 and 45\u00b0C). The temperature-dependent growth traits of the environmental genotypes were consistent with their distribution and temperature preferences in the water network. Clinical isolates exhibited significantly higher growth rates and reached higher maximal cell densities at 37\u00b0C and 42\u00b0C than the environmental strains. Further research on the growth preferences of\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">L. pneumophila<\/jats:named-content>\n                    clinical and environmental genotypes will result in a better understanding of their ecological niches in drinking-water systems as well as in the human body.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>IMPORTANCE<\/jats:bold>\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Legionella pneumophila<\/jats:named-content>\n                    is a waterborne pathogen that threatens humans in developed countries. The bacteria inhabit natural and man-made freshwater environments. Here we demonstrate that different environmental\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">L. pneumophila<\/jats:named-content>\n                    genotypes have different temperature-dependent growth kinetics. Moreover,\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Legionella<\/jats:named-content>\n                    strains that belong to the same species but were isolated from environmental and clinical sources possess adaptations for growth at different temperatures. These growth preferences may influence the bacterial colonization at specific ecological niches within the drinking-water network. Adaptations for growth at human body temperatures may facilitate the abilities of some\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">L. pneumophila<\/jats:named-content>\n                    strains to infect and cause illness in humans. Our findings may be used as a tool to improve\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Legionella<\/jats:named-content>\n                    monitoring in drinking-water networks. Risk assessment models for predicting the risk of legionellosis should take into account not only\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Legionella<\/jats:named-content>\n                    concentrations but also the temperature-dependent growth kinetics of the isolates.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.03295-16","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,3]],"date-time":"2017-02-03T20:50:17Z","timestamp":1486155017000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":55,"title":["Temperature-Dependent Growth Modeling of Environmental and Clinical Legionella pneumophila Multilocus Variable-Number Tandem-Repeat Analysis (MLVA) Genotypes"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"83","author":[{"given":"Yehonatan","family":"Sharaby","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Evolutionary and Environmental Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Rodr\u00edguez-Mart\u00ednez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Evolutionary and Environmental Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olga","family":"Oks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Evolutionary and Environmental Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marina","family":"Pecellin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Vaccinology and Applied Microbiology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Braunschweig, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hila","family":"Mizrahi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Evolutionary and Environmental Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Avi","family":"Peretz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Baruch Padeh Poriya Medical Center, Poriya, Israel"},{"name":"The Faculty of Medicine in the Galilee, Bar-Ilan University, Galilee, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ingrid","family":"Brettar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Vaccinology and Applied Microbiology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Braunschweig, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manfred G.","family":"H\u00f6fle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Vaccinology and Applied Microbiology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Braunschweig, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Malka","family":"Halpern","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Evolutionary and Environmental Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel"},{"name":"Department of Biology and Environment, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Haifa, Oranim, Tivon, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.64.9.3127-3133.1998"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2016.02.016"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197712012972201"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00029-14"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/341087"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.01957-13"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1997.00440360129015"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.42.1.458-460.2004"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13059-014-0505-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.035014-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0882-4010(89)90106-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.57.4.1094-1101.1991"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00185888"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","first-page":"150","article-title":"The effect of drying, heat, and pH on the survival of Legionella pneumophila","volume":"17","author":"Katz S","year":"1987","unstructured":"Katz S HammelJ. 1987. 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