{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T19:36:29Z","timestamp":1791315389732,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,15]],"date-time":"2013-04-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1365984000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Appl Environ Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            Copper ions are an effective antimicrobial agent used to control Legionnaires' disease and Pontiac fever arising from institutional drinking water systems. Here, we present data on an alternative bactericidal agent, copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO-NPs), and its efficacy on\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Legionella pneumophila<\/jats:named-content>\n            . In broth cultures, the CuO-NPs caused growth inhibition, which appeared to be concentration and exposure time dependent. The transcriptomic response of\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">L. pneumophila<\/jats:named-content>\n            to CuO-NP exposure was investigated by using a whole-genome microarray. The expression of genes involved in metabolism, transcription, translation, DNA replication and repair, and unknown\/hypothetical proteins was significantly affected by exposure to CuO-NPs. In addition, expression of 21 virulence genes was also affected by exposure to CuO-NP and further evaluated by quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (qRT-PCR). Some virulence gene responses occurred immediately and transiently after addition of CuO-NPs to the cells and faded rapidly (\n            <jats:italic>icmV<\/jats:italic>\n            ,\n            <jats:italic>icmW<\/jats:italic>\n            ,\n            <jats:italic>lepA<\/jats:italic>\n            ), while expression of other genes increased within 6 h (\n            <jats:italic>ceg29<\/jats:italic>\n            ,\n            <jats:italic>legLC8<\/jats:italic>\n            ,\n            <jats:italic>legP<\/jats:italic>\n            ,\n            <jats:italic>lem19<\/jats:italic>\n            ,\n            <jats:italic>lem24<\/jats:italic>\n            ,\n            <jats:italic>lpg1689<\/jats:italic>\n            , and\n            <jats:italic>rtxA<\/jats:italic>\n            ), 12 h (\n            <jats:italic>cegC1<\/jats:italic>\n            ,\n            <jats:italic>dotA<\/jats:italic>\n            ,\n            <jats:italic>enhC<\/jats:italic>\n            ,\n            <jats:italic>htpX<\/jats:italic>\n            ,\n            <jats:italic>icmE<\/jats:italic>\n            ,\n            <jats:italic>pvcA<\/jats:italic>\n            , and\n            <jats:italic>sidF<\/jats:italic>\n            ), and 24 h (\n            <jats:italic>legP<\/jats:italic>\n            ,\n            <jats:italic>lem19<\/jats:italic>\n            , and\n            <jats:italic>ceg19<\/jats:italic>\n            ), but for most of the genes tested, expression was reduced after 24 h of exposure. Genes like\n            <jats:italic>ceg29<\/jats:italic>\n            and\n            <jats:italic>rtxA<\/jats:italic>\n            appeared to be the most responsive to CuO-NP exposures and along with other genes identified in this study may prove useful to monitor and manage the impact of drinking water disinfection on\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">L. pneumophila<\/jats:named-content>\n            .\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.03462-12","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,16]],"date-time":"2013-02-16T07:54:52Z","timestamp":1361001292000},"page":"2713-2720","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Legionella pneumophila Transcriptional Response following Exposure to CuO Nanoparticles"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"79","author":[{"given":"Jingrang","family":"Lu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"U.S. EPA National Exposure Research Laboratory, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ian","family":"Struewing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dynamac Inc., Cincinnati, Ohio, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helen Y.","family":"Buse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dynamac Inc., Cincinnati, Ohio, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiahui","family":"Kou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ORISE Postdoctoral Fellow at EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Howard A.","family":"Shuman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S\u00e9bastien P.","family":"Faucher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Natural Resource Sciences, McGill University, Quebec, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicholas J.","family":"Ashbolt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"U.S. EPA National Exposure Research Laboratory, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2166\/aqua.2003.0032"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/cm0505244"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2006.11.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2007.11.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es201524q"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/abbi.2000.1996"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0891-5849(94)00159-H"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmat2442"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.02149-10"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/tx800064j"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/17435390.2010.550696"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1078\/1438-4221-00141"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","first-page":"1352","article-title":"Genetic and phenotypic differences between Legionella pneumophila strains","volume":"40","author":"Samrakandi MM","year":"2002","unstructured":"SamrakandiMM CirilloSLG RidenourDA BermudezLE CirilloJD. 2002. 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