{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T21:57:48Z","timestamp":1792706268226,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,1]],"date-time":"2014-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1393632000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Appl Environ Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            The human diarrheal disease cholera is caused by the aquatic bacterium\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Vibrio cholerae<\/jats:named-content>\n            .\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">V. cholerae<\/jats:named-content>\n            in the environment is associated with several varieties of aquatic life, including insect egg masses, shellfish, and vertebrate fish. Here we describe a novel animal model for\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">V. cholerae<\/jats:named-content>\n            , the zebrafish. Pandemic\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">V. cholerae<\/jats:named-content>\n            strains specifically colonize the zebrafish intestinal tract after exposure in water with no manipulation of the animal required. Colonization occurs in close contact with the intestinal epithelium and mimics colonization observed in mammals. Zebrafish that are colonized by\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">V. cholerae<\/jats:named-content>\n            transmit the bacteria to naive fish, which then become colonized. Striking differences in colonization between\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">V. cholerae<\/jats:named-content>\n            classical and El Tor biotypes were apparent. The zebrafish natural habitat in Asia heavily overlaps areas where cholera is endemic, suggesting that zebrafish and\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">V. cholerae<\/jats:named-content>\n            evolved in close contact with each other. Thus, the zebrafish provides a natural host model for the study of\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">V. cholerae<\/jats:named-content>\n            colonization, transmission, and environmental survival.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.03580-13","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,28]],"date-time":"2013-12-28T03:28:48Z","timestamp":1388201328000},"page":"1710-1717","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":97,"title":["Zebrafish as a Natural Host Model for Vibrio cholerae Colonization and Transmission"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"80","author":[{"given":"Donna L.","family":"Runft","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristie C.","family":"Mitchell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Basel H.","family":"Abuaita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan P.","family":"Allen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Bajer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin","family":"Ginsburg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melody N.","family":"Neely","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey H.","family":"Withey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00248-004-9954-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.41.2.559-560.1981"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0008607"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.56.6.1977-1980.1990"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.01238-07"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","first-page":"695","article-title":"Biotyping of Vibrio cholerae O1: time to redefine the scheme","volume":"128","author":"Raychoudhuri A","year":"2008","unstructured":"RaychoudhuriAMukhopadhyayAKRamamurthyTNandyRKTakedaYNairGB. 2008. 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