{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T06:06:01Z","timestamp":1791266761981,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,1]],"date-time":"2013-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1367366400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Appl Environ Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Listeria monocytogenes<\/jats:named-content>\n            is a food-borne human-pathogenic bacterium that can cause infections with a high mortality rate. It has a remarkable ability to persist in food processing facilities. Here we report the genome sequences for two\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">L. monocytogenes<\/jats:named-content>\n            strains (N53-1 and La111) that were isolated 6 years apart from two different Danish fish processers. Both strains are of serotype 1\/2a and belong to a highly persistent DNA subtype (random amplified polymorphic DNA [RAPD] type 9). We demonstrate using\n            <jats:italic>in silico<\/jats:italic>\n            analyses that both strains belong to the multilocus sequence typing (MLST) type ST121 that has been isolated as a persistent subtype in several European countries. The purpose of this study was to use genome analyses to identify genes or proteins that could contribute to persistence. In a genome comparison, the two persistent strains were extremely similar and collectively differed from the reference lineage II strain, EGD-e. Also, they differed markedly from a lineage I strain (F2365). On the proteome level, the two strains were almost identical, with a predicted protein homology of 99.94%, differing at only 2 proteins. No single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) differences were seen between the two strains; in contrast, N53-1 and La111 differed from the EGD-e reference strain by 3,942 and 3,471 SNPs, respectively. We included a persistent\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">L. monocytogenes<\/jats:named-content>\n            strain from the United States (F6854) in our comparisons. Compared to nonpersistent strains, all three persistent strains were distinguished by two genome deletions: one, of 2,472 bp, typically contains the gene for\n            <jats:italic>inlF<\/jats:italic>\n            , and the other, of 3,017 bp, includes three genes potentially related to bacteriocin production and transport (\n            <jats:italic>lmo2774<\/jats:italic>\n            ,\n            <jats:italic>lmo2775<\/jats:italic>\n            , and the 3\u2032-terminal part of\n            <jats:italic>lmo2776<\/jats:italic>\n            ). Further studies of highly persistent strains are required to determine if the absence of these genes promotes persistence. While the genome comparison did not point to a clear physiological explanation of the persistent phenotype, the remarkable similarity between the two strains indicates that subtypes with specific traits are selected for in the food processing environment and that particular genetic and physiological factors are responsible for the persistent phenotype.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.03715-12","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,23]],"date-time":"2013-02-23T12:18:49Z","timestamp":1361621929000},"page":"2944-2951","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":121,"title":["Genome Sequencing Identifies Two Nearly Unchanged Strains of Persistent Listeria monocytogenes Isolated at Two Different Fish Processing Plants Sampled 6 Years Apart"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"79","author":[{"given":"Anne","family":"Holch","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristen","family":"Webb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Allegheny College, Meadville, Pennsylvania, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oksana","family":"Lukjancenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Biological Sequence Analysis, Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Ussery","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Biological Sequence Analysis, Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin M.","family":"Rosenthal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lone","family":"Gram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. 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