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However, during menstruation the pH of the vaginal environment increases to neutrality, a pH conducive for<jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:named-content>proliferation and the production of toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 (TSST-1) in susceptible women. In order to generate<jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Lactobacillus<\/jats:named-content>species capable of expressing lysostaphin (an endopeptidase that cleaves the cell wall of<jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">S. aureus<\/jats:named-content>) in a modified genital tract secretion medium (mGTS) under neutral-pH conditions, six prominent proteins from<jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Lactobacillus plantarum<\/jats:named-content>WCFS1 spent medium were identified by mass spectrometry. Sequences for promoters, signal peptides, and mature lysostaphin were used to construct plasmids that were subsequently transformed into<jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">L. plantarum<\/jats:named-content>WCFS1. The promoter and signal sequences of Lp_3014 (putatively identified as a transglycosylase) or the promoter sequence of Lp_0789 (putatively identified as glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase) with the signal sequence of Lp_3014 exhibited lysostaphin activity on buffered medium containing heat-killed<jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">S. aureus<\/jats:named-content>. The cassettes were integrated into the chromosome of<jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">L. plantarum<\/jats:named-content>WCFS1, but only the cassette containing the promoter and signal sequence from Lp_3014 had integrated into the appropriate site. Coculture assays using buffered mGTS showed that lysostaphin expressed from<jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">L. plantarum<\/jats:named-content>WCFS1 reduced the growth of TSST-1-producing strains of<jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">S. aureus<\/jats:named-content>under neutral-pH conditions. This study provides the basis for determining whether lysostaphin-producing<jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Lactobacillus<\/jats:named-content>strains could potentially be used as a means to inhibit the growth of<jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">S. aureus<\/jats:named-content>during menstruation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.06755-11","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,8]],"date-time":"2011-10-08T02:51:59Z","timestamp":1318042319000},"page":"8500-8508","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus by Lysostaphin-Expressing Lactobacillus plantarum WCFS1 in a Modified Genital Tract Secretion Medium"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"77","author":[{"given":"Huanli","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Microbiology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas 72079-9502"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuan","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Proteomics, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas 72079-9502"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li-Rong","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Proteomics, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas 72079-9502"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard C.","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MSBioworks, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48108"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher A.","family":"Elkins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Molecular Biology, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, College Park, Maryland 20740"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark E.","family":"Hart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Microbiology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas 72079-9502"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-695X.2007.00330.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.00378-07"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/315109"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.7883\/yoken.JJID.2006.249","article-title":"Some probiotic properties of vaginal lactobacilli isolated from healthy women","volume":"59","author":"Aslim B.","year":"2006","unstructured":"AslimB. 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