{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,6]],"date-time":"2026-02-06T21:59:23Z","timestamp":1770415163330,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1993,7,1]],"date-time":"1993-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":741484800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Appl Environ Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1993,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The ability of different aerobic groundwater microorganisms to cometabolically degrade trichloroethylene (TCE), 1,2-cis-dichloroethylene (c-DCE), and 1,2-trans-dichloroethylene (t-DCE) was evaluated both in groundwater-fed microcosms and in situ in a shallow aquifer. Microcosms amended with phenol or toulene were equally effective in removing c-DCE (&gt; 90%) followed by TCE (60 to 70%), while the microcosm fed methane was most effective in removing t-DCE (&gt; 90%). The microcosm fed ammonia was the least effective. None of the microcosms effectively degraded 1,1,1-trichloroethane. At the Moffett Field groundwater test site, in situ removal of c-DCE and TCE coincided with biostimulation through phenol and oxygen injection and utilization, with c-DCE removed more rapidly than TCE. Greater TCE and c-DCE removal was observed when the phenol concentration was increased. Over 90% removal of c-DCE and TCE was observed in the 2-m biostimulated zone. This compares with 40 to 50% removal of c-DCE and 15 to 25% removal of TCE achieved by methane-grown microorganisms previously evaluated in an adjacent in situ test zone. The in situ removal with phenol-grown microorganisms agrees qualitatively with the microcosm studies, with the rates and extents of removal ranked as follows: c-DCE &gt; TCE &gt; t-DCE. These studies demonstrate the potential for in situ TCE bioremediation using microorganisms grown on phenol.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.59.7.2277-2285.1993","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T04:49:53Z","timestamp":1577854193000},"page":"2277-2285","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":114,"title":["Microcosm and in situ field studies of enhanced biotransformation of trichloroethylene by phenol-utilizing microorganisms"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"59","author":[{"given":"G D","family":"Hopkins","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil Engineering, Stanford University, California 94305-4020."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L","family":"Semprini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil Engineering, Stanford University, California 94305-4020."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P L","family":"McCarty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil Engineering, Stanford University, California 94305-4020."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","container-title":["Applied and Environmental Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/aem.59.7.2277-2285.1993","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/aem.59.7.2277-2285.1993","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,23]],"date-time":"2022-02-23T20:58:23Z","timestamp":1645649903000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/aem.59.7.2277-2285.1993"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1993,7]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1993,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/aem.59.7.2277-2285.1993"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/aem.59.7.2277-2285.1993","relation":{},"ISSN":["0099-2240","1098-5336"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0099-2240","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-5336","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1993,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1993-07-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}