{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]],"date-time":"2026-04-07T22:12:56Z","timestamp":1775599976329,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1998,11,1]],"date-time":"1998-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":909878400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Appl Environ Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            Thaxtomin A is the main phytotoxin produced by\n            <jats:italic>Streptomyces scabies<\/jats:italic>\n            , a causal agent of potato scab. Thaxtomin A is a yellow compound composed of 4-nitroindol-3-yl-containing 2,5-dioxopiperazine. A collection of nonpathogenic streptomycetes isolated from potato tubers and microorganisms recovered from a thaxtomin A solution were examined for the ability to grow in the presence of thaxtomin A as a sole carbon or nitrogen source. Three bacterial isolates and two fungal isolates grew in thaxtomin A-containing media. Growth of these organisms resulted in decreases in the optical densities at 400 nm of culture supernatants and in 10% reductions in the thaxtomin A concentration. The fungal isolates were identified as a\n            <jats:italic>Penicillium<\/jats:italic>\n            sp. isolate and a\n            <jats:italic>Trichoderma<\/jats:italic>\n            sp. isolate. One bacterial isolate was associated with the species\n            <jats:italic>Ralstonia pickettii<\/jats:italic>\n            , and the two other bacterial isolates were identified as\n            <jats:italic>Streptomyces<\/jats:italic>\n            sp. strains. The sequences of the 16S rRNA genes were determined in order to compare thaxtomin A-utilizing actinomycetes to the pathogenic organism\n            <jats:italic>S. scabies<\/jats:italic>\n            and other\n            <jats:italic>Streptomyces<\/jats:italic>\n            species. The nucleotide sequences of the \u03b3 variable regions of the 16S ribosomal DNA of both thaxtomin A-utilizing actinomycetes were identical to the sequence of\n            <jats:italic>Streptomyces mirabilis<\/jats:italic>\n            ATCC 27447. When inoculated onto potato tubers, the three thaxtomin A-utilizing bacteria protected growing plants against common scab, but the fungal isolates did not have any protective effect.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.64.11.4313-4316.1998","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,19]],"date-time":"2019-12-19T18:55:39Z","timestamp":1576781739000},"page":"4313-4316","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Selection and Characterization of Microorganisms Utilizing Thaxtomin A, a Phytotoxin Produced by\n            <i>Streptomyces scabies<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"64","author":[{"given":"Cyr Le\u0301zin","family":"Doumbou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Groupe de Recherche en Biologie des Actinomyce\u0300tes, De\u0301partement de Biologie, Universite\u0301 de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Que\u0301bec, Canada J1K 2R1"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vladimir","family":"Akimov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Groupe de Recherche en Biologie des Actinomyce\u0300tes, De\u0301partement de Biologie, Universite\u0301 de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Que\u0301bec, Canada J1K 2R1"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carole","family":"Beaulieu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Groupe de Recherche en Biologie des Actinomyce\u0300tes, De\u0301partement de Biologie, Universite\u0301 de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Que\u0301bec, Canada J1K 2R1"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1744-7348.1978.tb02641.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0964-8305(96)00066-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0964-8305(95)00045-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.62.3.865-871.1996"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.59.11.3899-3905.1993"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1094\/Phyto-64-1404"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jim.2900455"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1094\/PD-77-1217"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07060669209500874"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.58.6.1945-1951.1992"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","unstructured":"Goyer\nC.\nTaxonomie des streptomyc\u00e8tes causant la gale commune de la pomme de terre et implication de la thaxtomine A dans leur pouvoir pathog\u00e8ne. Ph.D. thesis.\n1997\nUniversit\u00e8 de Sherbrooke\nSherbrooke Qu\u00e9bec Canada"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1094\/PDIS.1997.81.8.901"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1094\/PHYTO.1998.88.5.442"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1008625511924"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","unstructured":"Hopwood\nD. A.\nBibb\nM. J.\nChater\nK. F.\nKieser\nT.\nBruton\nC. J.\nKieser\nH. M.\nLydiate\nD. J.\nSmith\nC. P.\nWard\nJ. M.\nSchrempf\nH.\nGenetic manipulation of Streptomyces: a laboratory manual.\n1985\nThe John Innes Foundation\nNorwich United Kingdom"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02853743"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.46.3.596-604.1983"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","unstructured":"Labruy\u00e8re\nR. 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Indol-3-acetic acid (IAA) production by a biofungicide Streptomyces-griseoviridis strain.Ann. Bot. Fenn.3119945963","journal-title":"Ann. Bot. Fenn."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.62.5.1630-1635.1996"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01349174"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_42_2","first-page":"1743","article-title":"Numerical classification of Streptomyces and related genera","volume":"129","author":"Williams S. T.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Williams S. T. Goodfellow M. Alderson G. Wellington E. M. H. Sneath P. H. A. Sackin M. J. Numerical classification of Streptomyces and related genera.J. Gen. Microbiol.129198317431813","journal-title":"J. Gen. Microbiol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.61.12.4284-4290.1995"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1348-0421.1995.tb03275.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.61.8.3119-3128.1995"}],"container-title":["Applied and Environmental Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/AEM.64.11.4313-4316.1998","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/AEM.64.11.4313-4316.1998","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,23]],"date-time":"2022-02-23T21:06:37Z","timestamp":1645650397000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/AEM.64.11.4313-4316.1998"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1998,11]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/AEM.64.11.4313-4316.1998"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/aem.64.11.4313-4316.1998","relation":{},"ISSN":["0099-2240","1098-5336"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0099-2240","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-5336","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1998,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1998-05-20","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"1998-08-11","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"1998-11-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}