{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T00:30:10Z","timestamp":1793406610087,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1998,9,1]],"date-time":"1998-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":904608000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Appl Environ Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            We have studied pressure-induced germination of\n            <jats:italic>Bacillus subtilis<\/jats:italic>\n            spores at moderate (100 MPa) and high (500 to 600 MPa) pressures. Although we found comparable germination efficiencies under both conditions by using heat sensitivity as a criterion for germination, the sensitivity of pressure-germinated spores to some other agents was found to depend on the pressure used. Spores germinated at 100 MPa were more sensitive to pressure (&gt;200 MPa), UV light, and hydrogen peroxide than were those germinated at 600 MPa. Since small, acid-soluble proteins (SASPs) and dipicolinic acid (DPA) are known to be involved in spore resistance to UV light and hydrogen peroxide, we studied the fate of these compounds during pressure germination. DPA was released upon both low- and high-pressure germination, but SASP degradation, which normally accompanies nutrient-induced germination, occurred upon low-pressure germination but not upon high-pressure germination. These results adequately explain the UV and hydrogen peroxide resistance of spores germinated at 600 MPa. The resistance to pressure inactivation of 600-MPa-germinated spores could also, at least partly, be attributed to \u03b1\/\u03b2-type SASPs, since mutants deficient in \u03b1\/\u03b2-type SASPs were more sensitive to inactivation at 600 MPa. Further, germination at 100 MPa resulted in rapid ATP generation, as is the case in nutrient-induced germination, but no ATP was formed during germination at 600 MPa. These results suggest that spore germination can be initiated by low- and high-pressure treatments but is arrested at an early stage in the latter case. The implications for the use of high pressure as a preservation treatment are discussed.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.64.9.3220-3224.1998","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,19]],"date-time":"2019-12-19T19:40:43Z","timestamp":1576784443000},"page":"3220-3224","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":194,"title":["Comparative Study of Pressure-Induced Germination of\n            <i>Bacillus subtilis<\/i>\n            Spores at Low and High Pressures"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"64","author":[{"given":"Elke Y.","family":"Wuytack","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Laboratory of Food Microbiology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven","family":"Boven","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Laboratory of Food Microbiology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chris W.","family":"Michiels","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Laboratory of Food Microbiology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","first-page":"1431","article-title":"Etude sur les effets biologiques des ultrapressions: r\u00e9sistance des bact\u00e9ries, des diastases et des toxines aux pressions tr\u00e8s \u00e9lev\u00e9es.","volume":"196","author":"Basset J.","year":"1932","unstructured":"Basset J. Macheboeuf M.A. Etude sur les effets biologiques des ultrapressions: r\u00e9sistance des bact\u00e9ries, des diastases et des toxines aux pressions tr\u00e8s \u00e9lev\u00e9es. C. R. Hebd. Seances Acad. Sci. Ser. D 196 1932 1431 1438","journal-title":"C. R. Hebd. Seances Acad. Sci. Ser. D"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/m82-096"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.50.6.1414-1421.1985"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","first-page":"487","article-title":"Hochdruckinaktivierung von Bakterien und Bakteriensporen.","volume":"52","author":"Butz P.","year":"1990","unstructured":"Butz P. Ries J. Traugott U. Weber H. Ludwig H. Hochdruckinaktivierung von Bakterien und Bakteriensporen. Pharm. Ind. 52 1990 487 491","journal-title":"Pharm. Ind."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.97.2.684-690.1969"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","unstructured":"Gould\nG. W.\nThe microbe as a high pressure target\nHigh pressure processing of foods.\nLedward\nD. A.\nJohnston\nD. E.\nEarnshaw\nR. G.\nHasting\nA. P. M.\n1995\n27\n35\nNottingham University Press\nNottingham England"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/00221287-60-3-335"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","first-page":"147","article-title":"Role of pressure in the stabilization and destabilization of bacterial spores.","volume":"26","author":"Gould G. W.","year":"1972","unstructured":"Gould G. W. Sale A. J. H. Role of pressure in the stabilization and destabilization of bacterial spores. Symp. Soc. Exp. Biol. 26 1972 147 157","journal-title":"Symp. Soc. Exp. 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W.\n1995\n159\n175\nBlackie Academic and Professional\nGlasgow Scotland","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4615-2105-1_8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/22.3.271"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-2911(08)60228-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.167.1.174-178.1986"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0290(19961020)52:2<320::AID-BIT12>3.0.CO;2-N"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.62.10.3897-3900.1996"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.61.10.3633-3638.1995"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","unstructured":"Russell\nA.D.\nChopra\nI.\nUnderstanding antibacterial action and resistance.\n1990\nEllis Horwood\nChichester England"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/00221287-60-3-323"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.135.1.133-137.1978"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.59.2.640-643.1993"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.59.10.3418-3423.1993"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.mi.42.100188.001535"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2672.1994.tb04357.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","first-page":"660","article-title":"Pressure-induced germination and inactivation of Bacillus subtilis spores.","volume":"56","author":"Sojka B.","year":"1994","unstructured":"Sojka B. Ludwig H. Pressure-induced germination and inactivation of Bacillus subtilis spores. Pharm. Ind. 56 1994 660 663","journal-title":"Pharm. 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