{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T12:58:04Z","timestamp":1780491484340,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1999,1,1]],"date-time":"1999-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":915148800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Appl Environ Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:italic>Rhodococcus<\/jats:italic>\n            sp. strain ECRD-1 was evaluated for its ability to desulfurize a 232 to 343\u00b0C middle-distillate (diesel range) fraction of Oregon basin (OB) crude oil. OB oil was provided as the sole source of sulfur in batch cultures, and the extent of desulfurization and the chemical fate of the residual sulfur in the oil after treatment were determined. Gas chromatography (GC), flame ionization detection, and GC sulfur chemiluminesce detection analysis were used to qualitatively evaluate the effect of\n            <jats:italic>Rhodococcus<\/jats:italic>\n            sp. strain ECRD-1 treatment on the hydrocarbon and sulfur content of the oil, respectively. Total sulfur was determined by combustion of samples and measurement of released sulfur dioxide by infrared absorption. Up to 30% of the total sulfur in the middle distillate cut was removed, and compounds across the entire boiling range of the oil were affected. Sulfur K-edge X-ray absorption-edge spectroscopy was used to examine the chemical state of the sulfur remaining in the treated OB oil. Approximately equal amounts of thiophenic and sulfidic sulfur compounds were removed by ECRD-1 treatment, and over 50% of the sulfur remaining after treatment was in an oxidized form. The presence of partially oxidized sulfur compounds indicates that these compounds were en route to desulfurization. Overall, more than two-thirds of the sulfur had been removed or oxidized by the microbial treatment.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.65.1.181-188.1999","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,19]],"date-time":"2019-12-19T19:42:06Z","timestamp":1576784526000},"page":"181-188","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":84,"title":["Microbial Desulfurization of a Crude Oil Middle-Distillate Fraction: Analysis of the Extent of Sulfur Removal and the Effect of Removal on Remaining Sulfur"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"65","author":[{"given":"M. J.","family":"Grossman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Exxon Research and Engineering Co., Annandale, New Jersey 08801,1 and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. K.","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Exxon Research and Engineering Co., Annandale, New Jersey 08801,1 and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. C.","family":"Prince","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Exxon Research and Engineering Co., Annandale, New Jersey 08801,1 and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K. K.","family":"Garrett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Exxon Research and Engineering Co., Annandale, New Jersey 08801,1 and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G. N.","family":"George","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 2-->Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, Stanford, California 943092"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"I. J.","family":"Pickering","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 2-->Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, Stanford, California 943092"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","first-page":"275","article-title":"An orphaned child makes good. The story of US DOE\/PETC\u2019s foray into fossil fuel biodesulphurization.","volume":"38","author":"Campbell I. M.","year":"1993","unstructured":"Campbell I. M. An orphaned child makes good. The story of US DOE\/PETC\u2019s foray into fossil fuel biodesulphurization. American Chemical Society, Division of Petroleum Chemistry, Preprints 38 1993 275 278","journal-title":"American Chemical Society, Division of Petroleum Chemistry, Preprints"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.176.21.6707-6716.1994"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6968.1993.tb05999.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja00191a012"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ef00025a016"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","first-page":"1705","article-title":"Nat.","volume":"14","author":"Gray K. A.","year":"1996","unstructured":"Gray K. A. Pogrebinsky O. S. Mrachko G. T. Lei Xi Monticello D. J. Squires C. H. Nat. Biotechnol. 14 1996 1705 1709","journal-title":"Biotechnol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","unstructured":"Grossman\nM. J.\nMicrobial removal of organic sulfur from fuels: a review of past and present approaches\nHydrotreating technology for pollution control: catalysts catalysis and processes.\nOccelli\nM. L.\nChianelli\nR.\n1996\n345\n359\nMarcel Dekker\nNew York N.Y"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jo00339a048"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","first-page":"63","article-title":"The microbial desulfurization of petroleum.","volume":"80","author":"Hartdegen F. J.","year":"1984","unstructured":"Hartdegen F. J. Coburn J. M. Roberts R. L. The microbial desulfurization of petroleum. Chem. Eng. Prog. 80 1984 63 67","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. Prog."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","first-page":"351","article-title":"Microbial conversion of dibenzothiophene.","volume":"17","author":"Hou C. T.","year":"1976","unstructured":"Hou C. T. Laskin A. I. Microbial conversion of dibenzothiophene. Dev. Ind. Microbiol. 17 1976 351 362","journal-title":"Dev. Ind. Microbiol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.60.1.223-226.1994"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ie00006a023"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","first-page":"747","article-title":"Toward sulfur-free fuels.","volume":"20","author":"Kilbane J. J.","year":"1990","unstructured":"Kilbane J. J. Bielaga B. A. Toward sulfur-free fuels. Chemtech 20 1990 747 751","journal-title":"Chemtech"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1320","DOI":"10.1080\/00021369.1970.10859781","article-title":"Microbial conversion of petrosulfur compounds. III. Isolation and identification of products from dibenzothiophene.","volume":"34","author":"Kodama K.","year":"1970","unstructured":"Kodama K. Nakatani S. Umehara K. Shimizu K. Minoda Y. Yamada K. Microbial conversion of petrosulfur compounds. III. Isolation and identification of products from dibenzothiophene. Agric. Biol. Chem. 34 1970 1320 1324","journal-title":"Agric. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00021369.1973.10860640"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.34.6.783-790.1977"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.61.12.4362-4366.1995"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","unstructured":"Malik\nK. A.\nClaus\nD.\nMicrobial degradation of dibenzothiophene abstr. 23.03\nAbstracts of the Fifth International Fermentation Symposium. Berlin Germany\nDellweg\nH.\n1976\n421"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.49.4.756-760.1985"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.mi.39.100185.002103"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ef00037a025"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.58.3.911-915.1992"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.61.2.468-475.1995"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","unstructured":"Rall\nH. T.\nThompson\nC. J.\nColeman\nH. J.\nHopkins\nR. L.\nSulfur compounds in crude oil. Bulletin 659.\n1972\nU. S. Bureau of Mines\nWashington D.C"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","unstructured":"Sambrook\nJ.\nFritsch\nE. F.\nManiatis\nT.\nMolecular cloning: a laboratory manual\n2nd ed.\n1989\nCold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press\nCold Spring Harbor N.Y"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","unstructured":"Speight\nJ. G.\nThe desulfurization of heavy oils and residua.\n1981\nMarcel Dekker\nNew York N.Y"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00249000"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00248703"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-7799(90)90133-I"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.79.3.874"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1128\/aem.65.7.3264a-3264a.1999","type":"correction","label":"Correction","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[1999,7,1]],"date-time":"1999-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":930787200000}}],"container-title":["Applied and Environmental Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/AEM.65.1.181-188.1999","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/AEM.65.1.181-188.1999","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,23]],"date-time":"2022-02-23T07:36:45Z","timestamp":1645601805000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/AEM.65.1.181-188.1999"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1999,1]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/AEM.65.1.181-188.1999"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/aem.65.1.181-188.1999","relation":{},"ISSN":["0099-2240","1098-5336"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0099-2240","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-5336","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1999,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1998-07-10","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"1998-10-27","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"1999-01-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}