{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T17:01:06Z","timestamp":1761930066911},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1999,2,1]],"date-time":"1999-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":917827200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Appl Environ Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            The peptide AS-48 is highly active on all\n            <jats:italic>Listeria<\/jats:italic>\n            species. It has a bactericidal and bacteriolytic mode of action on\n            <jats:italic>Listeria monocytogenes<\/jats:italic>\n            CECT 4032, causing depletion of the membrane electrical potential and pH gradient. The producer strain\n            <jats:italic>Enterococcus faecalis<\/jats:italic>\n            A-48-32, releases sufficient amounts of AS-48 into the growth medium to suppress\n            <jats:italic>L. monocytogenes<\/jats:italic>\n            in cocultures at enterococcus-to-listeria ratios above 1 at 37\u00b0C or above 10 at 15\u00b0C. As the temperature decreases, the bactericidal effects of AS-48 are less pronounced, but at 2.5 \u03bcg\/ml it still can inhibit the growth of listeria at 6\u00b0C. AS-48 is highly active on liquid cultures, although concentrations above 0.2 \u03bcg\/ml are required to avoid adaptation of listeria. AS-48-adapted cells can be selected at low (but still inhibitory) concentrations, and they can be inhibited completely by AS-48 at 0.5 \u03bcg\/ml. The adaptation is lost gradually upon repeated subcultivation. AS48\n            <jats:sup>ad<\/jats:sup>\n            cells are cross-resistant to nisin and show an increased resistance to muramidases. Their fatty acid composition is modified: they show a much higher proportion of branched fatty acids as well as a higher C\n            <jats:sub>15:0 An<\/jats:sub>\n            -to-C\n            <jats:sub>17:0 An<\/jats:sub>\n            ratio. Resistance to AS-48 is also maintained by protoplasts from AS48\n            <jats:sup>ad<\/jats:sup>\n            cells. Electron microscopy observations show that the cell wall of AS48\n            <jats:sup>ad<\/jats:sup>\n            cells is thicker and less dense. The structure of wild-type cells is severely modified after AS-48 treatment: the cell wall and the cytoplasmic membrane are disorganized, and the cytoplasmic content is lost. Intracytoplasmic membrane vesicles are also observed when the wild-type strain is treated with high AS-48 concentrations.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.65.2.618-625.1999","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,19]],"date-time":"2019-12-19T19:46:48Z","timestamp":1576784808000},"page":"618-625","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":67,"title":["Antilisterial Activity of Peptide AS-48 and Study of Changes Induced in the Cell Envelope Properties of an AS-48-Adapted Strain of\n            <i>Listeria monocytogenes<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"65","author":[{"given":"Fa\u0301tima","family":"Mendoza","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Departamento de Microbiolog\u0131\u0301a, Facultad de Ciencias,1 and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mercedes","family":"Maqueda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 2-->Instituto de Biotecnolog\u0131\u0301a,2 Universidad de Granada, Granada, and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Ga\u0301lvez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 3-->Departamento de Microbiolog\u0131\u0301a, Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales, Universidad de Jae\u0301n, Jae\u0301n,3 Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Manuel","family":"Marti\u0301nez-Bueno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Departamento de Microbiolog\u0131\u0301a, Facultad de Ciencias,1 and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eva","family":"Valdivia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Departamento de Microbiolog\u0131\u0301a, Facultad de Ciencias,1 and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","unstructured":"Abriouel H. 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