{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T14:50:47Z","timestamp":1790866247657,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2000,10,1]],"date-time":"2000-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":970358400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Appl Environ Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            The importance of waterborne transmission of\n            <jats:italic>Cryptosporidium parvum<\/jats:italic>\n            to humans has been highlighted by recent outbreaks of cryptosporidiosis. The first step in a survey of contaminated water currently consists of counting\n            <jats:italic>C. parvum<\/jats:italic>\n            oocysts. Data suggest that an accurate risk evaluation should include a determination of viability and infectivity of counted oocysts in water. In this study, oocyst infectivity was addressed by using a suckling mouse model. Four-day-old NMRI (Naval Medical Research Institute) mice were inoculated per os with 1 to 1,000 oocysts in saline. Seven days later, the number of oocysts present in the entire small intestine was counted by flow cytometry using a fluorescent, oocyst-specific monoclonal antibody. The number of intestinal oocysts was directly related to the number of inoculated oocysts. For each dose group, infectivity of oocysts, expressed as the percentage of infected animals, was 100% for challenge doses between 25 and 1,000 oocysts and about 70% for doses ranging from 1 to 10 oocysts\/animal. Immunofluorescent flow cytometry was useful in enhancing the detection sensitivity in the highly susceptible NMRI suckling mouse model and so was determined to be suitable for the evaluation of maximal infectivity risk.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.66.10.4315-4317.2000","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,27]],"date-time":"2002-07-27T09:56:57Z","timestamp":1027763817000},"page":"4315-4317","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Quantitative Flow Cytometric Evaluation of Maximal\n            <i>Cryptosporidium parvum<\/i>\n            Oocyst Infectivity in a Neonate Mouse Model"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"66","author":[{"given":"Agne\u0300s","family":"Delaunay","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Laboratoire d'Immunologie et Immunopathologie, UPRES-EA 2128, CHU, 14033 Caen,1 and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gilles","family":"Gargala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Laboratoire d'Immunologie et Immunopathologie, UPRES-EA 2128, CHU, 14033 Caen,1 and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xunde","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 2-->ADEN, UPRES-EA, Faculte\u0301de Me\u0301decine-Pharmacie, 76183 Rouen,2France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Loic","family":"Favennec","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 2-->ADEN, UPRES-EA, Faculte\u0301de Me\u0301decine-Pharmacie, 76183 Rouen,2France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean Jacques","family":"Ballet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Laboratoire d'Immunologie et Immunopathologie, UPRES-EA 2128, CHU, 14033 Caen,1 and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3282084"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3283822"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7519(97)00033-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3285681"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","first-page":"113","article-title":"Viability of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts in natural waters.","volume":"45","author":"Brasseur P.","year":"1998","unstructured":"Brasseur P. Uguen C. Moreno-Sabater A. Favennec L. Ballet J. J. Viability of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts in natural waters. Folia Parasitol. 45 1998 113 116","journal-title":"Folia Parasitol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1051\/parasite\/1995021081"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.58.11.3488-3493.1992"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","unstructured":"Casemore\nD. P.\nWright\nS. E.\nCoop\nR. L.\nCryptosporidiosis\u2014human and animal epidemiology\nCryptosporidium and cryptosporidiosis.\nFayer\nR.\n1997\n65\n92\nCRC Press\nBoca Raton Fla"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.65.8.3427-3432.1999"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3284666"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-4017(99)00160-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-308X(08)60123-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7519(99)00031-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-308X(08)60117-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0301.970106"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","unstructured":"Henderson\nG.\nAlla\nP.\nProtection of public health\u2014Sydney Cryptosporidium problem.\nMinimising the risk from Cryptosporidium and other waterborne particles.\n1999\nInternational Conference of the International Association of Water Quality"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.41.6.811"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.56.5.1423-1428.1990"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","unstructured":"Lindsay\nD. 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