{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T03:09:10Z","timestamp":1791169750181,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2000,3,1]],"date-time":"2000-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":951868800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Appl Environ Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    In this study\n                    <jats:italic>Vibrio proteolyticus<\/jats:italic>\n                    CW8T2 has been identified as a virulent pathogen for\n                    <jats:italic>Artemia<\/jats:italic>\n                    spp. Its infection route has been visualized with transmission electron microscopy. The pathogen affected microvilli and gut epithelial cells, disrupted epithelial cell junctions, and reached the body cavity, where it devastated cells and tissues. In vivo antagonism tests showed that preemptive colonization of the culture water with nine selected bacterial strains protected\n                    <jats:italic>Artemia<\/jats:italic>\n                    juveniles against the pathogenic effects. Two categories of the selected strains could be distinguished: (i) strains providing total protection, as no mortality occurred 2 days after the experimental infection with\n                    <jats:italic>V. proteolyticus<\/jats:italic>\n                    CW8T2, with strain LVS8 as a representative, and (ii) strains providing partial protection, as significant but not total mortality was observed, with strain LVS2 as a representative. The growth of\n                    <jats:italic>V. proteolyticus<\/jats:italic>\n                    CW8T2 in the culture medium was slowed down in the presence of strains LVS2 and LVS8, but growth suppression was distinctly higher with LVS8 than with LVS2. It was striking that the strains that gave only partial protection against the pathogen in the in vivo antagonism test showed also a restricted capability to colonize the\n                    <jats:italic>Artemia<\/jats:italic>\n                    compared to the strains providing total protection. The in vivo antagonism tests and the filtrate experiments showed that probably no extracellular bacterial compounds were involved in the protective action but that the living cells were required to protect\n                    <jats:italic>Artemia<\/jats:italic>\n                    against\n                    <jats:italic>V. proteolyticus<\/jats:italic>\n                    CW8T2.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.66.3.1139-1146.2000","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,27]],"date-time":"2002-07-27T05:55:30Z","timestamp":1027749330000},"page":"1139-1146","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":129,"title":["Selected Bacterial Strains Protect\n                    <i>Artemia<\/i>\n                    spp. from the Pathogenic Effects of\n                    <i>Vibrio proteolyticus<\/i>\n                    CW8T2"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"66","author":[{"given":"Laurent","family":"Verschuere","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Laboratory of Microbial Ecology and Technology, Department of Biochemical and Microbiological Technology,1"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hanglamong","family":"Heang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Laboratory of Microbial Ecology and Technology, Department of Biochemical and Microbiological Technology,1"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Godelieve","family":"Criel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 2-->Department of Anatomy, Embryology and Histology,2 and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Sorgeloos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 3-->Laboratory of Aquaculture and Artemia Reference Center, Department of Animal Production,3 University of Ghent, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Willy","family":"Verstraete","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Laboratory of Microbial Ecology and Technology, Department of Biochemical and Microbiological Technology,1"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Barrow\nG. 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