{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T05:00:50Z","timestamp":1791349250238,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2001,10,1]],"date-time":"2001-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1001894400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Appl Environ Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            UV inactivation, photoreactivation, and dark repair of\n            <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n            and\n            <jats:italic>Cryptosporidium parvum<\/jats:italic>\n            were investigated with the endonuclease sensitive site (ESS) assay, which can determine UV-induced pyrimidine dimers in the genomic DNA of microorganisms. In a 99.9% inactivation of\n            <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n            , high correlation was observed between the dose of UV irradiation and the number of pyrimidine dimers induced in the DNA of\n            <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n            . The colony-forming ability of\n            <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n            also correlated highly with the number of pyrimidine dimers in the DNA, indicating that the ESS assay is comparable to the method conventionally used to measure colony-forming ability. When\n            <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n            were exposed to fluorescent light after a 99.9% inactivation by UV irradiation, UV-induced pyrimidine dimers in the DNA were continuously repaired and the colony-forming ability recovered gradually. When kept in darkness after the UV inactivation, however,\n            <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n            showed neither repair of pyrimidine dimers nor recovery of colony-forming ability. When\n            <jats:italic>C. parvum<\/jats:italic>\n            were exposed to fluorescent light after UV inactivation, UV-induced pyrimidine dimers in the DNA were continuously repaired, while no recovery of animal infectivity was observed. When kept in darkness after UV inactivation,\n            <jats:italic>C. parvum<\/jats:italic>\n            also showed no recovery of infectivity in spite of the repair of pyrimidine dimers. It was suggested, therefore, that the infectivity of\n            <jats:italic>C. parvum<\/jats:italic>\n            would not recover either by photoreactivation or by dark repair even after the repair of pyrimidine dimers in the genomic DNA.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.67.10.4630-4637.2001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,27]],"date-time":"2002-07-27T10:03:59Z","timestamp":1027764239000},"page":"4630-4637","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":161,"title":["Determination of Pyrimidine Dimers in\n            <i>Escherichia coli<\/i>\n            and\n            <i>Cryptosporidium parvum<\/i>\n            during UV Light Inactivation, Photoreactivation, and Dark Repair"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"67","author":[{"given":"Kumiko","family":"Oguma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Department of Urban Engineering,1 and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroyuki","family":"Katayama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Department of Urban Engineering,1 and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Mitani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 2-->Department of Integrated Biosciences,2 University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shigemitsu","family":"Morita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 3-->College of Environmental Health, Azabu University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa,3 Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tsuyoshi","family":"Hirata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 3-->College of Environmental Health, Azabu University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa,3 Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shinichiro","family":"Ohgaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Department of Urban Engineering,1 and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0043-1354(96)00263-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-1097.1979.tb07053.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.66.7.2972-2980.2000"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.58.11.3488-3493.1992"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.102.1.178-186.1970"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1551-8833.1998.tb08501.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1551-8833.1998.tb08500.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1551-8833.1998.tb08502.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(86)90599-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_11_2","unstructured":"Friedberg\nE. 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