{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]],"date-time":"2026-03-10T15:26:30Z","timestamp":1773156390849,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2001,2,1]],"date-time":"2001-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":980985600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Appl Environ Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            Three kinds of alkaliphilic bacteria able to utilize thiocyanate (CNS\n            <jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n            ) at pH 10 were found in highly alkaline soda lake sediments and soda soils. The first group included obligate heterotrophs that utilized thiocyanate as a nitrogen source while growing at pH 10 with acetate as carbon and energy sources. Most of the heterotrophic strains were able to oxidize sulfide and thiosulfate to tetrathionate. The second group included obligately autotrophic sulfur-oxidizing alkaliphiles which utilized thiocyanate nitrogen during growth with thiosulfate as the energy source. Genetic analysis demonstrated that both the heterotrophic and autotrophic alkaliphiles that utilized thiocyanate as a nitrogen source were related to the previously described sulfur-oxidizing alkaliphiles belonging to the gamma subdivision of the division\n            <jats:italic>Proteobacteria<\/jats:italic>\n            (the\n            <jats:italic>Halomonas<\/jats:italic>\n            group for the heterotrophs and the genus\n            <jats:italic>Thioalkalivibrio<\/jats:italic>\n            for autotrophs). The third group included obligately autotrophic sulfur-oxidizing alkaliphilic bacteria able to utilize thiocyanate as a sole source of energy. These bacteria could be enriched on mineral medium with thiocyanate at pH 10. Growth with thiocyanate was usually much slower than growth with thiosulfate, although the biomass yield on thiocyanate was higher. Of the four strains isolated, the three vibrio-shaped strains were genetically closely related to the previously described sulfur-oxidizing alkaliphiles belonging to the genus\n            <jats:italic>Thioalkalivibrio<\/jats:italic>\n            . The rod-shaped isolate differed from the other isolates by its ability to accumulate large amounts of elemental sulfur inside its cells and by its ability to oxidize carbon disulfide. Despite its low DNA homology with and substantial phenotypic differences from the vibrio-shaped strains, this isolate also belonged to the genus\n            <jats:italic>Thioalkalivibrio<\/jats:italic>\n            according to a phylogenetic analysis. The heterotrophic and autotrophic alkaliphiles that grew with thiocyanate as an N source possessed a relatively high level of cyanase activity which converted cyanate (CNO\n            <jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n            ) to ammonia and CO\n            <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n            . On the other hand, cyanase activity either was absent or was present at very low levels in the autotrophic strains grown on thiocyanate as the sole energy and N source. As a result, large amounts of cyanate were found to accumulate in the media during utilization of thiocyanate at pH 10 in batch and thiocyanate-limited continuous cultures. This is a first direct proof of a \u201ccyanate pathway\u201d in pure cultures of thiocyanate-degrading bacteria. Since it is relatively stable under alkaline conditions, cyanate is likely to play a role as an N buffer that keeps the alkaliphilic bacteria safe from inhibition by free ammonia, which otherwise would reach toxic levels during dissimilatory degradation of thiocyanate.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.67.2.528-538.2001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,27]],"date-time":"2002-07-27T10:00:58Z","timestamp":1027764058000},"page":"528-538","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":98,"title":["Microbial Thiocyanate Utilization under Highly Alkaline Conditions"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"67","author":[{"given":"Dimitry Y.","family":"Sorokin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Institute of Microbiology RAS, 117811 Moscow, Russia,1 and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tatyana P.","family":"Tourova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Institute of Microbiology RAS, 117811 Moscow, Russia,1 and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anatoly M.","family":"Lysenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Institute of Microbiology RAS, 117811 Moscow, Russia,1 and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J. Gijs","family":"Kuenen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 2-->Kluyver Institute of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, 2628 BC Delft, The Netherlands2"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bi00554a010"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/m79-201"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00245064"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","first-page":"201","article-title":"The biochemical activity of mixed bacterial cultures acclimated to thiocyanate.","volume":"19","author":"Buczowska Z.","year":"1968","unstructured":"Buczowska Z. Jarnuszkiewicz I. The biochemical activity of mixed bacterial cultures acclimated to thiocyanate. Bull. Inst. Mer. Med. Gdansk 19 1968 201 210","journal-title":"Bull. Inst. Mer. Med. 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