{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T04:49:21Z","timestamp":1790484561822,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2001,2,1]],"date-time":"2001-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":980985600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Appl Environ Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            Strains of\n            <jats:italic>Xylella fastidiosa<\/jats:italic>\n            isolated from grape, almond, maple, and oleander were characterized by enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus sequence-, repetitive extragenic palindromic element (REP)-, and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD)-PCR; contour-clamped homogeneous electric field (CHEF) gel electrophoresis; plasmid content; and sequencing of the 16S-23S rRNA spacer region. Combining methods gave greater resolution of strain groupings than any single method. Strains isolated from grape with Pierce's disease (PD) from California, Florida, and Georgia showed greater than previously reported genetic variability, including plasmid contents, but formed a cluster based on analysis of RAPD-PCR products,\n            <jats:italic>Not<\/jats:italic>\n            I and\n            <jats:italic>Spe<\/jats:italic>\n            I genomic DNA fingerprints, and 16S-23S rRNA spacer region sequence. Two groupings of almond leaf scorch (ALS) strains were distinguished by RAPD-PCR and CHEF gel electrophoresis, but some ALS isolates were clustered within the PD group. RAPD-PCR, CHEF gel electrophoresis, and 16S-23S rRNA sequence analysis produced the same groupings of strains, with RAPD-PCR resolving the greatest genetic differences. Oleander strains, phony peach disease (PP), and oak leaf scorch (OLS) strains were distinct from other strains. DNA profiles constructed by REP-PCR analysis were the same or very similar among all grape strains and most almond strains but different among some almond strains and all other strains tested. Eight of 12 ALS strains and 4 of 14 PD strains of\n            <jats:italic>X. fastidiosa<\/jats:italic>\n            isolated in California contained plasmids. All oleander strains carried the same-sized plasmid; all OLS strains carried the same-sized plasmid. A plum leaf scald strain contained three plasmids, two of which were the same sizes as those found in PP strains. These findings support a division of\n            <jats:italic>X. fastidiosa<\/jats:italic>\n            at the subspecies or pathovar level.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.67.2.895-903.2001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,27]],"date-time":"2002-07-27T10:00:58Z","timestamp":1027764058000},"page":"895-903","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":118,"title":["Genetic Diversity of Pierce's Disease Strains and Other Pathotypes of\n            <i>Xylella fastidiosa<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"67","author":[{"given":"Mavis","family":"Hendson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Division of Insect Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-3112,1 and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander H.","family":"Purcell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Division of Insect Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-3112,1 and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deqiao","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Division of Insect Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-3112,1 and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chris","family":"Smart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 2-->Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Davis, California 956162"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Magalie","family":"Guilhabert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 2-->Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Davis, California 956162"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruce","family":"Kirkpatrick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 2-->Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Davis, California 956162"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s002849900423"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","first-page":"233","article-title":"The 16S\/23S ribosomal spacer region as a target for DNA probes to identify eubacteria.","volume":"1","author":"Barry T.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Barry T. Colleran G. Glennon M. Dunican L. K. Gannon F. The 16S\/23S ribosomal spacer region as a target for DNA probes to identify eubacteria. PCR Methods Appl. 1 1991 233 236","journal-title":"PCR Methods Appl."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","first-page":"935","article-title":"Electrophoretic protein profiles of total cell envelopes of xylem-limited plant pathogenic rickettsia-like bacteria (RLB).","volume":"72","author":"Chang C. J.","year":"1982","unstructured":"Chang C. J. Schaad N. W. Electrophoretic protein profiles of total cell envelopes of xylem-limited plant pathogenic rickettsia-like bacteria (RLB). 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