{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T14:10:26Z","timestamp":1790863826787,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2001,3,1]],"date-time":"2001-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":983404800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Appl Environ Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            In order to understand the role of the\n            <jats:italic>mar<\/jats:italic>\n            locus in\n            <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n            with regard to multiple antibiotic resistance, cyclohexane resistance, and outer membrane protein F (OmpF) regulation, a\n            <jats:italic>marA<\/jats:italic>\n            ::\n            <jats:italic>gfp<\/jats:italic>\n            reporter mutant was constructed in an antibiotic-sensitive\n            <jats:italic>Salmonella enterica<\/jats:italic>\n            serovar Typhimurium DT104 background. Salicylate induced\n            <jats:italic>marA<\/jats:italic>\n            , whereas a number of antibiotics, disinfectants, and various growth conditions did not. Increased antibiotic resistance was observed upon salicylate induction, although this was shown to be by both\n            <jats:italic>mar<\/jats:italic>\n            -dependent and\n            <jats:italic>mar<\/jats:italic>\n            -independent pathways. Cyclohexane resistance, however, was induced by salicylate by a\n            <jats:italic>mar<\/jats:italic>\n            -dependent pathway. Complementation studies with a plasmid that constitutively expressed\n            <jats:italic>marA<\/jats:italic>\n            confirmed the involvement of\n            <jats:italic>mar<\/jats:italic>\n            in\n            <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n            with low-level antibiotic resistance and cyclohexane resistance, although the involvement of\n            <jats:italic>mar<\/jats:italic>\n            in down regulation of OmpF was unclear. However,\n            <jats:italic>marA<\/jats:italic>\n            overexpression did increase the expression of a ca. 50-kDa protein, but its identity remains to be elucidated. Passage of the\n            <jats:italic>marA<\/jats:italic>\n            ::\n            <jats:italic>gfp<\/jats:italic>\n            reporter mutant with increasing levels of tetracycline, a method reported to select for\n            <jats:italic>mar<\/jats:italic>\n            mutants in\n            <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n            , led to both multiple-antibiotic and cyclohexane resistance. Collectively, these data indicate that low-level antibiotic resistance, cyclohexane resistance, and modulation of OMPs in\n            <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n            , as in\n            <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n            , can occur in both a\n            <jats:italic>mar<\/jats:italic>\n            -dependent and\n            <jats:italic>mar<\/jats:italic>\n            -independent manner.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.67.3.1190-1197.2001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,27]],"date-time":"2002-07-27T10:00:58Z","timestamp":1027764058000},"page":"1190-1197","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":56,"title":["Multiple Antibiotic Resistance (\n            <i>mar<\/i>\n            ) Locus in\n            <i>Salmonella enterica<\/i>\n            Serovar Typhimurium DT104"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"67","author":[{"given":"Luke P.","family":"Randall","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Department of Bacterial Disease, Veterinary Laboratories Agency (Weybridge), New Haw, Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin J.","family":"Woodward","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Department of Bacterial Disease, Veterinary Laboratories Agency (Weybridge), New Haw, Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.41.10.2067"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/00222615-48-8-771"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/25.17.3389"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.63.9.3637-3642.1997"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.176.1.143-148.1994"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.65.1.294-296.1999"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.63.4.1428-1433.1997"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","unstructured":"Axon\nJ. 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