{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,11]],"date-time":"2026-07-11T04:04:58Z","timestamp":1783742698294,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2001,5,1]],"date-time":"2001-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":988675200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Appl Environ Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            The effects of trichloroethylene (TCE) oxidation on toluene 2-monooxygenase activity, general respiratory activity, and cell culturability were examined in the toluene-oxidizing bacterium\n            <jats:italic>Burkholderia cepacia<\/jats:italic>\n            G4. Nonspecific damage outpaced inactivation of toluene 2-monooxygenase in\n            <jats:italic>B. cepacia<\/jats:italic>\n            G4 cells. Cells that had degraded approximately 0.5 \u03bcmol of TCE (mg of cells\n            <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n            ) lost 95% of their acetate-dependent O\n            <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n            uptake activity (a measure of general respiratory activity), yet toluene-dependent O\n            <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n            uptake activity decreased only 35%. Cell culturability also decreased upon TCE oxidation; however, the extent of loss varied greatly (up to 3 orders of magnitude) with the method of assessment. Addition of catalase or sodium pyruvate to the surfaces of agar plates increased enumeration of TCE-injured cells by as much as 100-fold, indicating that the TCE-injured cells were ultrasensitive to oxidative stress. Cell suspensions that had oxidized TCE recovered the ability to grow in liquid minimal medium containing lactate or phenol, but recovery was delayed substantially when TCE degradation approached 0.5 \u03bcmol (mg of cells\n            <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n            ) or 66% of the cells' transformation capacity for TCE at the cell density utilized. Furthermore, among\n            <jats:italic>B. cepacia<\/jats:italic>\n            G4 cells isolated on Luria-Bertani agar plates from cultures that had degraded approximately 0.5 \u03bcmol of TCE (mg of cells\n            <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n            ), up to 90% were Tol\n            <jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n            variants, no longer capable of TCE degradation. These results indicate that a toxicity threshold for TCE oxidation exists in\n            <jats:italic>B. cepacia<\/jats:italic>\n            G4 and that once a cell suspension has exceeded this toxicity threshold, the likelihood of reestablishing an active, TCE-degrading biomass from the cells will decrease significantly.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.67.5.2107-2115.2001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,27]],"date-time":"2002-07-27T10:00:58Z","timestamp":1027764058000},"page":"2107-2115","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["Cytotoxicity Associated with Trichloroethylene Oxidation in\n            <i>Burkholderia cepacia<\/i>\n            G4"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"67","author":[{"given":"Chris M.","family":"Yeager","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Molecular and Cellular Biology Program,1"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter J.","family":"Bottomley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Molecular and Cellular Biology Program,1"},{"name":"<!--label omitted: 2-->Departments of Microbiology and Crop and Soil Sciences,2 and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel J.","family":"Arp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Molecular and Cellular Biology Program,1"},{"name":"<!--label omitted: 3-->Department of Botany and Plant Pathology,3 Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331-2902"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es00020a003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.57.1.228-235.1991"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-291X(89)90042-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.45.4.1286-1294.1983"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/m90-095"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es00009a031"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.65.2.766-772.1999"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00124489"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bit.260460306"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.58.9.3038-3046.1992"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00276540"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.57.6.1602-1608.1991"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.56.5.1279-1285.1990"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bi00479a013"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)57021-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es00156a012"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.63.9.3607-3613.1997"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.56.4.1179-1181.1990"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.60.12.4634-4637.1994"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.61.4.1480-1487.1995"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","first-page":"301","article-title":"Mutagenic and oncogenic effects of chloromethanes, chloroethanes, and halogenated analogs of vinyl chloride.","volume":"25","author":"Infante P. 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