{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T07:41:14Z","timestamp":1789371674738,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,1,1]],"date-time":"2003-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1041379200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Appl Environ Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            Mung bean nuclease treatment of 16S-23S ribosomal DNA intergenic transcribed spacers (ITS) amplified from several strains of the six species of the\n            <jats:italic>Bacillus cereus<\/jats:italic>\n            group showed that\n            <jats:italic>B. anthracis<\/jats:italic>\n            Davis TE702 and\n            <jats:italic>B. mycoides<\/jats:italic>\n            G2 have other intermediate fragments in addition to the 220- and 550-bp homoduplex fragments typical of the\n            <jats:italic>B. cereus<\/jats:italic>\n            group. Long and intermediate homoduplex ITS fragments from strains Davis TE702 and G2 and from another 19 strains of the six species were sequenced. Two main types of ITS were found, either with two tRNA genes (tRNA\n            <jats:sup>Ile<\/jats:sup>\n            and tRNA\n            <jats:sup>Ala<\/jats:sup>\n            ) or without any at all. Strain Davis TE702 harbors an additional ITS with a single tRNA gene, a hybrid between the tRNA\n            <jats:sup>Ile<\/jats:sup>\n            and tRNA\n            <jats:sup>Ala<\/jats:sup>\n            genes, suggesting that a recombination event rather than a deletion generated the single tDNA-containing ITS. Strain G2 showed an additional ITS of intermediate length with no tDNA and no similarity to other known sequences. Neighbor-joining analysis of tDNA-containing long ITS indicated that\n            <jats:italic>B. cereus<\/jats:italic>\n            and\n            <jats:italic>B. thuringiensis<\/jats:italic>\n            represent a single clade. Three signature sequences discriminated\n            <jats:italic>B. anthracis<\/jats:italic>\n            from\n            <jats:italic>B. cereus<\/jats:italic>\n            and\n            <jats:italic>B. thuringiensis<\/jats:italic>\n            , indicating that the anthrax agent started evolving separately from the related clades of the\n            <jats:italic>B. cereus<\/jats:italic>\n            group.\n            <jats:italic>B. mycoides<\/jats:italic>\n            and\n            <jats:italic>B. weienstephanensis<\/jats:italic>\n            were very closely related, while\n            <jats:italic>B. pseudomycoides<\/jats:italic>\n            appeared the most distant species.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.69.1.33-40.2003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,1,3]],"date-time":"2003-01-03T22:02:44Z","timestamp":1041631364000},"page":"33-40","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":60,"title":["<i>Bacillus anthracis<\/i>\n            Diverges from Related Clades of the\n            <i>Bacillus cereus<\/i>\n            Group in 16S-23S Ribosomal DNA Intergenic Transcribed Spacers Containing tRNA Genes"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"69","author":[{"given":"Ameur","family":"Cherif","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Alimentari e Microbiologiche (DISTAM), Universita\u0300 degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy"},{"name":"Laboratoire de Microbiologie, De\u0301partement de Biologie, Faculte\u0301 des Sciences de Tunis, 2092 Tunis, Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Borin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Alimentari e Microbiologiche (DISTAM), Universita\u0300 degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aurora","family":"Rizzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Alimentari e Microbiologiche (DISTAM), Universita\u0300 degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hadda","family":"Ouzari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire de Microbiologie, De\u0301partement de Biologie, Faculte\u0301 des Sciences de Tunis, 2092 Tunis, Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdellatif","family":"Boudabous","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire de Microbiologie, De\u0301partement de Biologie, Faculte\u0301 des Sciences de Tunis, 2092 Tunis, Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniele","family":"Daffonchio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Alimentari e Microbiologiche (DISTAM), Universita\u0300 degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.1999.01419.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","first-page":"77","volume":"50","year":"2000","unstructured":"Andreoni, V., M. 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