{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T23:22:23Z","timestamp":1790637743228,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,12,1]],"date-time":"2003-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1070236800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Appl Environ Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            The\ngenes encoding the structural components of the nitrate\/nitrite\nassimilation system of the oceanic cyanobacterium\n            <jats:italic>Synechococcus<\/jats:italic>\n            sp. strain WH 8103 were cloned and\ncharacterized. The genes encoding nitrate reductase (\n            <jats:italic>narB<\/jats:italic>\n            ) and\nnitrite reductase (\n            <jats:italic>nirA<\/jats:italic>\n            ) are clustered on the chromosome but\nare organized in separate transcriptional units. Upstream of\n            <jats:italic>narB<\/jats:italic>\n            is a homologue of\n            <jats:italic>nrtP<\/jats:italic>\n            that encodes a\nnitrate\/nitrite-bispecific permease rather than the components of an\nABC-type nitrate transporter found in freshwater cyanobacteria.\nUnusually, neither\n            <jats:italic>nirA<\/jats:italic>\n            nor\n            <jats:italic>ntcA<\/jats:italic>\n            (encoding a positive\ntranscription factor of genes subject to nitrogen control) were found\nto be tightly regulated by ammonium. Furthermore, transcription of\n            <jats:italic>glnA<\/jats:italic>\n            (encoding glutamine synthetase) is up-regulated in\nammonium-grown cells, highlighting significant differences in nitrogen\ncontrol in this cyanobacterium. Nitrogen depletion led to the transient\nup-regulation of\n            <jats:italic>ntcA<\/jats:italic>\n            ,\n            <jats:italic>nirA<\/jats:italic>\n            ,\n            <jats:italic>nrtP<\/jats:italic>\n            ,\n            <jats:italic>narB<\/jats:italic>\n            , and\n            <jats:italic>glnA<\/jats:italic>\n            in what appears to be an\nNtcA-dependent manner. The NtcA-like promoters found upstream of\n            <jats:italic>nirA<\/jats:italic>\n            ,\n            <jats:italic>nrtP<\/jats:italic>\n            , and\n            <jats:italic>narB<\/jats:italic>\n            all differ in sequence\nfrom the canonical NtcA promoter established for other cyanobacteria,\nand in the case of\n            <jats:italic>nirA<\/jats:italic>\n            , the NtcA-like promoter was functional\nonly in cells deprived of combined nitrogen. The ecological\nimplications of these findings are discussed in the context of the\noligotrophic nature of oceanic surface waters in which\n            <jats:italic>Synechococcus<\/jats:italic>\n            spp.\nthrive.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.69.12.7009-7018.2003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,12,5]],"date-time":"2003-12-05T20:42:58Z","timestamp":1070656978000},"page":"7009-7018","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":54,"title":["Nitrate\/NitriteAssimilation System of the Marine Picoplanktonic Cyanobacterium\n            <i>Synechococcus<\/i>\n            sp. Strain WH 8103: Effect of NitrogenSource and Availability on GeneExpression"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"69","author":[{"given":"Clare","family":"Bird","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School\rof Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Stirling,\rStirling FK9 4LA, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Wyman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School\rof Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Stirling,\rStirling FK9 4LA, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.183.20.5840-5847.2001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.125.2.969"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","unstructured":"Ausubel F. M. R. Brent R. E. Kingston D. D.\nMoore J. G. Seidman J. A. Smith and K.\nStruhl. 1992. 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Oceanogr."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.183.2.411-425.2001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1529-8817.2002.01205.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.180.7.1878-1886.1998"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1157","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.2002.03236.x","volume":"46","year":"2002","unstructured":"Luque, I., A. Contreras, G. Zabulon, A. Herrero, and J. Houmard. 2002 . Expression of the glutamyl-tRNA synthetase gene from the cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. PCC 7942 depends on nitrogen availability and the global regulator NtcA. Mol. Microbiol.46:1157-1167.","journal-title":"Mol. 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