{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]],"date-time":"2026-03-13T12:37:13Z","timestamp":1773405433774,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,2,1]],"date-time":"2003-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1044057600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Appl Environ Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            The initial reactions in the cometabolic oxidation of the gasoline oxygenate, methyl\n            <jats:italic>tert<\/jats:italic>\n            -butyl ether (MTBE), by\n            <jats:italic>Mycobacterium vaccae<\/jats:italic>\n            JOB5 have been characterized. Two products,\n            <jats:italic>tert<\/jats:italic>\n            -butyl formate (TBF) and\n            <jats:italic>tert<\/jats:italic>\n            -butyl alcohol (TBA), rapidly accumulated extracellularly when propane-grown cells were incubated with MTBE. Lower rates of TBF and TBA production from MTBE were also observed with cells grown on 1- or 2-propanol, while neither product was generated from MTBE by cells grown on casein-yeast extract-dextrose broth. Kinetic studies with propane-grown cells demonstrated that TBF is the dominant (\u226580%) initial product of MTBE oxidation and that TBA accumulates from further biotic and abiotic hydrolysis of TBF. Our results suggest that the biotic hydrolysis of TBF is catalyzed by a heat-stable esterase with activity toward several other\n            <jats:italic>tert<\/jats:italic>\n            -butyl esters. Propane-grown cells also oxidized TBA, but no further oxidation products were detected. Like the oxidation of MTBE, TBA oxidation was fully inhibited by acetylene, an inactivator of short-chain alkane monooxygenase in\n            <jats:italic>M. vaccae<\/jats:italic>\n            JOB5. Oxidation of both MTBE and TBA was also inhibited by propane (\n            <jats:italic>\n              K\n              <jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub>\n            <\/jats:italic>\n            = 3.3 to 4.4 \u03bcM). Values for\n            <jats:italic>\n              K\n              <jats:sub>s<\/jats:sub>\n            <\/jats:italic>\n            of 1.36 and 1.18 mM and for\n            <jats:italic>V<\/jats:italic>\n            <jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub>\n            of 24.4 and 10.4 nmol min\n            <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n            mg of protein\n            <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n            were derived for MTBE and TBA, respectively. We conclude that the initial steps in the pathway of MTBE oxidation by\n            <jats:italic>M. vaccae<\/jats:italic>\n            JOB5 involve two reactions catalyzed by the same monooxygenase (MTBE and TBA oxidation) that are temporally separated by an esterase-catalyzed hydrolysis of TBF to TBA. These results that suggest the initial reactions in MTBE oxidation by\n            <jats:italic>M. vaccae<\/jats:italic>\n            JOB5 are the same as those that we have previously characterized in gaseous alkane-utilizing fungi.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.69.2.796-804.2003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,2,6]],"date-time":"2003-02-06T00:43:15Z","timestamp":1044492195000},"page":"796-804","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":74,"title":["Characterization of the Initial Reactions during the Cometabolic Oxidation of Methyl\n            <i>tert<\/i>\n            -Butyl Ether by Propane-Grown\n            <i>Mycobacterium vaccae<\/i>\n            JOB5"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"69","author":[{"given":"Christy A.","family":"Smith","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kirk T.","family":"O'Reilly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ChevronTexaco Research and Technology Company, Richmond, California 94802"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael R.","family":"Hyman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es010044n"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a133641"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bit.260150402"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/tx970215v"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.67.4.1975-1978.2001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","first-page":"165","volume":"28","year":"1965","unstructured":"Cann, D. C., and M. E. Wilcox. 1965. Analysis of multimolecular enzymes as an aid to the identification of certain rapidly growing mycobacteria, using starch gel electrophoresis. J. Appl. Bacteriol.28:165-173.","journal-title":"J. Appl. Bacteriol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","first-page":"320","volume":"53","year":"1901","unstructured":"Carri\u00e8re, G. 1901. Sur l'existence d'un ferment soluble dans les cultures de bacilles de Koch. C. R. Soc. Biol.53:320-322.","journal-title":"C. R. Soc. Biol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-291X(80)90325-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","unstructured":"Corcho D. R. J. Watkinson and D. N. Lerner. 2000. Cometabolic degradation of MTBE by a cyclohexane-oxidizing bacteria p. 183-189. In G. B. Wickramanayake A. R. Gavaskar B. C. Alleman and V. S. Magar (ed.) Bioremediation and phytoremediation of chlorinated and recalcitrant compounds. Battelle Press Columbus Ohio."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","unstructured":"Cornish-Bowden A. 1979. Fundamentals of enzyme kinetics. Butterworths London United Kingdom."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.7.1.104-105.1978"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","unstructured":"Deeb R. A. S. Nishino J. Spain H.-Y. Hu K. Scow and L. Alvarez-Cohen. 2000. MTBE and benzene biodegradation by a bacterial isolate via two independent monooxygenase-initiated pathways p. 280-282. In D. L. Drogos and A. L. Diaz (ed.) Exploring the environmental issues of mobile recalcitrant compounds in gasoline. American Chemical Society San Francisco Calif."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es001596t"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.68.6.2754-2762.2002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s002530051423"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)57021-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-3879(77)90016-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.63.9.3607-3613.1997"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.65.10.4586-4593.1999"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","first-page":"79","volume":"65","year":"1999","unstructured":"Hanson, J. R., C. E. Ackerman, and K. M. Scow. 1999. Biodegradation of methyl tert-butyl ether by a bacterial pure culture. Appl. Environ. Microbiol.65:79-84.","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.63.8.3059-3067.1997"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.67.12.5601-5607.2001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(88)90181-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","unstructured":"Hyman M. R. C. Taylor and K. O'Reilly. 2000. Cometabolic degradation of MTBE by iso-alkane-utilizing bacteria from gasoline-impacted soils p. 149-155. In G. B. Wickramanayake A. R. Gavaskar B. C. Alleman and V. S. Magar (ed.) Bioremediation and phytoremediation of chlorinated and recalcitrant compounds. Battelle Press Columbus Ohio."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","unstructured":"Hyman M. C. Smith and K. O'Reilly. 2001. Cometabolism of MTBE by an aromatic hydrocarbon-oxidizing bacterium p. 145-152. In V. S. Magar J. T. Gibbs K. T. O'Reilly M. R. Hyman and A. Leeson (ed.) Bioremediation of MTBE alcohols and ethers. Battelle Press Columbus Ohio."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Johnson R. J. Pankow D. Bender C. Price and J. Zigorski. 2000. MTBE: to what extent will past releases contaminate community water supply wells? Environ. Sci. Technol. 34: 210A-217A.","DOI":"10.1021\/es003268z"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/bj2570573"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","unstructured":"Koenigsberg S. C. Sandefur W. Mahaffey M. Deshusses and N. Fortin. 1999. Peroxygen mediated bioremediation of MTBE p. 13-18. In B. C. Alleman and A. Leeson (ed.) Proceedings of the Fifth International In Situ and On-Site Bioremediation Symposium vol. 3. Battelle Press Columbus Ohio."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1271\/bbb.62.1956"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.67.5.2197-2201.2001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.555654"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ac990757c"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3894(01)00309-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s002530050890"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es00058a026"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1271\/bbb.61.1391"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.63.5.1715-1720.1997"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nihl\u00e9n A. S. C. J. Sumner A. L\u00f6f and G. Johanson. 1999. 13 C 2 -labelled methyl tert -butyl ether: toxicokinetics and characterization of urinary metabolites in humans. Chem. Res. Toxicol. 12: 822.:830.","DOI":"10.1021\/tx980274o"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_40_2","first-page":"3954","volume":"19","year":"2001","unstructured":"O'Reilly, K. T., M. E. Moir, C. D. Taylor, C. A. Smith, and M. R. Hyman. 2001. Hydrolysis of tert-butyl methyl ether (MTBE) in dilute aqueous acid. Environ. Sci. Technol.19:3954-3961.","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02046411"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.153.3.1294-1300.1983"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6968.1995.tb07478.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6941.2001.tb00873.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es9507170"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.63.11.4216-4222.1997"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/00221287-109-2-215"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.155.3.1249-1259.1983"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_49_2","unstructured":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 1997. Drinking water advisory: consumer acceptability advice and health effects analysis on methyl tertiary- butyl ether (MtBE). EPA-822-F-97-009. Office of Water U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Washington D.C."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mr.60.1.216-232.1996"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_51_2","first-page":"325","volume":"120","year":"1980","unstructured":"Wiegant, W. W., and J. A. M. deBont. 1980. A new route for ethylene glycol metabolism in Mycobacterium E44. J. Gen. Microbiol.120:325-331.","journal-title":"J. Gen. Microbiol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_52_2","unstructured":"Wilson J. T. J. S. Cho B. H. Wilson and J. A. Vardy. 2000. Natural attenuation of MTBE in the subsurface under methanogenic conditions. EPA\/600\/R-00\/006. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Washington D.C."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.65.2.632-639.1999"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2175\/WER.66.5.11"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2323\/jgam.44.147"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1271\/bbb.62.2312"}],"container-title":["Applied and Environmental Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/AEM.69.2.796-804.2003","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/AEM.69.2.796-804.2003","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,23]],"date-time":"2022-02-23T14:05:05Z","timestamp":1645625105000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/AEM.69.2.796-804.2003"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2003,2]]},"references-count":55,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/AEM.69.2.796-804.2003"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/aem.69.2.796-804.2003","relation":{},"ISSN":["0099-2240","1098-5336"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0099-2240","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-5336","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2003,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2002-07-05","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2002-11-07","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2003-02-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}