{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T08:25:52Z","timestamp":1791275152980,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,5,1]],"date-time":"2003-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1051747200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Appl Environ Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The food-borne pathogen\n                    <jats:italic>Listeria monocytogenes<\/jats:italic>\n                    can acquire enhanced resistance to lethal acid conditions through multiple mechanisms. We investigated contributions of the stress-responsive alternative sigma factor, \u03c3\n                    <jats:sup>B<\/jats:sup>\n                    , which is encoded by\n                    <jats:italic>sigB<\/jats:italic>\n                    , to growth phase-dependent acid resistance (AR) and to the adaptive acid tolerance response in\n                    <jats:italic>L. monocytogenes<\/jats:italic>\n                    . At various points throughout growth, we compared the relative survival of\n                    <jats:italic>L. monocytogenes<\/jats:italic>\n                    wild-type and \u0394\n                    <jats:italic>sigB<\/jats:italic>\n                    strains that had been exposed to either brain heart infusion (pH 2.5) or synthetic gastric fluid (pH 2.5) with and without prior acid adaptation. Under these conditions, survival of the \u0394\n                    <jats:italic>sigB<\/jats:italic>\n                    strain was consistently lower than that of the wild-type strain throughout all phases of growth, ranging from 4 orders of magnitude less in mid-log phase to 2 orders of magnitude less in stationary phase. Survival of both \u0394\n                    <jats:italic>sigB<\/jats:italic>\n                    and wild-type\n                    <jats:italic>L. monocytogenes<\/jats:italic>\n                    strains increased by 6 orders of magnitude upon entry into stationary phase, demonstrating that the\n                    <jats:italic>L. monocytogenes<\/jats:italic>\n                    growth phase-dependent AR mechanism is \u03c3\n                    <jats:sup>B<\/jats:sup>\n                    independent. \u03c3\n                    <jats:sup>B<\/jats:sup>\n                    -mediated contributions to acquired acid tolerance appear to be greatest in early logarithmic growth. Loss of a functional \u03c3\n                    <jats:sup>B<\/jats:sup>\n                    reduced the survival of\n                    <jats:italic>L. monocytogenes<\/jats:italic>\n                    at pH 2.5 to a greater extent in the presence of organic acid (100 mM acetic acid) than in the presence of inorganic acid alone (HCl), suggesting that\n                    <jats:italic>L. monocytogenes<\/jats:italic>\n                    protection against organic and inorganic acid may be mediated through different mechanisms. \u03c3\n                    <jats:sup>B<\/jats:sup>\n                    does not appear to contribute to pH\n                    <jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub>\n                    homeostasis through regulation of net proton movement across the cell membrane or by regulation of pH\n                    <jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub>\n                    buffering by the GAD system under the conditions examined in this study. In summary, a functional \u03c3\n                    <jats:sup>B<\/jats:sup>\n                    protein is necessary for full resistance of\n                    <jats:italic>L. monocytogenes<\/jats:italic>\n                    to lethal acid treatments.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.69.5.2692-2698.2003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,5,5]],"date-time":"2003-05-05T18:24:13Z","timestamp":1052159053000},"page":"2692-2698","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":170,"title":["Role of\n                    <i>Listeria monocytogenes<\/i>\n                    \u03c3\n                    <sup>B<\/sup>\n                    in Survival of Lethal Acidic Conditions and in the Acquired Acid Tolerance Response"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"69","author":[{"given":"Adriana","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Sue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Conor P.","family":"O'Byrne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathryn J.","family":"Boor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.178.22.6571-6578.1996"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.179.23.7251-7256.1997"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1078\/1438-4221-00106"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6968.1997.tb10238.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.180.17.4547-4554.1998"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.182.24.7083-7087.2000"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.183.17.5171-5179.2001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mr.49.4.359-378.1985"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.180.23.6082-6089.1998"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.2001.02398.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-291X(77)91042-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/13500872-142-10-2975"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2672.1983.tb02632.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.177.19.5598-5605.1995"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mr.55.3.476-511.1991"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.67.10.4454-4457.2001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.66.11.4696-4704.2000"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fraser K. 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