{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T03:05:46Z","timestamp":1791342346024,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,10,1]],"date-time":"2004-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1096588800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Appl Environ Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            Accumulative indirect evidence of the epidemiology of\n            <jats:italic>Mycobacterium ulcerans<\/jats:italic>\n            infections causing chronic skin ulcers (i.e., Buruli ulcer disease) suggests that the development of this pathogen and its transmission to humans are related predominantly to aquatic environments. We report that snails could transitorily harbor\n            <jats:italic>M. ulcerans<\/jats:italic>\n            without offering favorable conditions for its growth and replication. A novel intermediate link in the transmission chain of\n            <jats:italic>M. ulcerans<\/jats:italic>\n            becomes likely with predator aquatic insects in addition to phytophage insects. Water bugs, such as\n            <jats:italic>Naucoris cimicoides<\/jats:italic>\n            , a potential vector of\n            <jats:italic>M. ulcerans,<\/jats:italic>\n            were shown to be infected specifically by this bacterium after feeding on snails experimentally exposed to\n            <jats:italic>M. ulcerans<\/jats:italic>\n            .\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.70.10.6296-6298.2004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,10,4]],"date-time":"2004-10-04T20:41:07Z","timestamp":1096922467000},"page":"6296-6298","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":124,"title":["Aquatic Snails, Passive Hosts of\n            <i>Mycobacterium ulcerans<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"70","author":[{"given":"Laurent","family":"Marsollier","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Unite\u0301 de Ge\u0301ne\u0301tique bacte\u0301rienne, Institut Pasteur, Paris"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tchibozo","family":"Se\u0301ve\u0301rin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire d'Ecologie applique\u0301e, Fsa\/Uac, Cotonou"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacques","family":"Aubry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INSERM U. 601, Institut de Biologie &amp; Faculte\u0301 de Pharmacie, Nantes"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard W.","family":"Merritt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean-Paul","family":"Saint Andre\u0301","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire d'Anatomie Pathologique"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pierre","family":"Legras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animalerie Hospitalo-Universitaire, Faculte\u0301 de Me\u0301decine, Angers, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne-Lise","family":"Manceau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire de Bacte\u0301riologie-Virologie-Hygie\u0300ne, CHU"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annick","family":"Chauty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de de\u0301pistage et de traitement de l'ulce\u0300re de Buruli, Pobe\u0300, Be\u0301nin"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bernard","family":"Carbonnelle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire de Bacte\u0301riologie-Virologie-Hygie\u0300ne, CHU"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stewart T.","family":"Cole","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unite\u0301 de Ge\u0301ne\u0301tique bacte\u0301rienne, Institut Pasteur, Paris"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_2","first-page":"212","volume":"85","year":"1992","unstructured":"De Gentile, P. L., C. Mahaza, F. Rolland, B. Carbonnelle, J. L. Verret, and D. Chabasse. 1992. Cutaneous ulcer from Mycobacterium ulcerans. Apropos of 1 case in French Guyana. Bull. Soc. Pathol. Exot.85:212-214. (In French.)","journal-title":"Bull. Soc. Pathol. Exot."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.70.2.1097-1103.2004"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.68.9.4623-4628.2002"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1995.52.219"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(98)05177-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.35.10.2709-2711.1997"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.63.10.4135-4138.1997"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.35.7.1696-1700.1997"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_10_2","first-page":"78","volume":"36","year":"1968","unstructured":"Shepard, C. C., and D. H. M. Rae. 1968. A method for counting acid fast bacteria. Int. J. Lepr.36:78-82.","journal-title":"Int. J. 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