{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T15:18:10Z","timestamp":1791213490642,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,4,1]],"date-time":"2005-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1112313600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Appl Environ Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            PCR primers specific for the\n            <jats:italic>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/jats:italic>\n            complex were used to detect the presence of\n            <jats:italic>Mycobacterium bovis<\/jats:italic>\n            BCG (Pasteur) in soil microcosms and\n            <jats:italic>Mycobacterium bovis<\/jats:italic>\n            in environmental samples taken from a farm in Ireland with a history of bovine tuberculosis.\n            <jats:italic>M. bovis<\/jats:italic>\n            genes were detected in soil at 4 and 21 months after possible contamination. Gene levels were found in the range of 1 \u00d7 10\n            <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n            to 3.6 \u00d7 10\n            <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n            gene copies g of soil\n            <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n            , depending on the sampling area. Areas around badger setts had the highest levels of detectable genes and were shown to have the highest levels of gene persistence.\n            <jats:italic>M. bovis<\/jats:italic>\n            -specific 16S rRNA sequences were detected, providing evidence of the presence of viable cells in Irish soils. Studies of DNA turnover in soil microcosms proved that dead cells of\n            <jats:italic>M. bovis<\/jats:italic>\n            BCG did not persist beyond 10 days. Further microcosm experiments revealed that\n            <jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic>\n            . bovis BCG survival was optimal at 37\u00b0C with moist soil (\u221220 kPa; 30% [vol\/wt]). This study provides clear evidence that\n            <jats:italic>M. bovis<\/jats:italic>\n            can persist in the farm environment outside of its hosts and that climatic factors influence survival rates.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.71.4.1946-1952.2005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,4,6]],"date-time":"2005-04-06T13:23:15Z","timestamp":1112793795000},"page":"1946-1952","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":98,"title":["Molecular Detection of\n            <i>Mycobacterium bovis<\/i>\n            and\n            <i>Mycobacterium bovis<\/i>\n            BCG (Pasteur) in Soil"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"71","author":[{"given":"Jamie S.","family":"Young","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eamonn","family":"Gormley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Large Animal Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth M. H.","family":"Wellington","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.41.10.4565-4572.2003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-1135(85)90021-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1472-765x.2001.00979.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2792","DOI":"10.1016\/S0264-410X(99)00091-2","volume":"17","year":"1999","unstructured":"Gormley, E., L. Fray, L. Sandall, G. Ke, C. Dupont, and E. Carpenter. 1999. Detection of Mycobacterium bovis lymphocyte stimulating antigens in culture filtrates of a recombinant Mycobacterium smegmatis cosmid library. Vaccine17:2792-2801.","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2672.2003.01848.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2672.1997.tb03306.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2672.1999.00711.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","first-page":"550","volume":"111","year":"1982","unstructured":"Little, T. W., P. F. Naylor, and J. W. Wilesmith. 1982. Laboratory study of Mycobacterium bovis infection in badgers and calves. Vet. Rec.111:550-557.","journal-title":"Vet. Rec."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-1135(02)00159-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6941.1998.tb00551.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0264-410X(03)00484-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.58.9.3012-3019.1992"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","first-page":"185","volume":"66","year":"1999","unstructured":"Tanner, M., and A. L. Michel. 1999. Investigation of the viability of M. bovis under different environmental conditions in the Kruger National Park. Onderstepoort J. Vet. Res.66:185-190.","journal-title":"Onderstepoort J. Vet. Res."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.56.5.1413-1419.1990"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","unstructured":"Young J. S. 2003. Molecular detection of Mycobacterium bovis in the environment. Ph.D. thesis. University of Warwick Warwick United Kingdom."}],"container-title":["Applied and Environmental Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/AEM.71.4.1946-1952.2005","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/AEM.71.4.1946-1952.2005","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,23]],"date-time":"2022-02-23T15:21:21Z","timestamp":1645629681000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/AEM.71.4.1946-1952.2005"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2005,4]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/AEM.71.4.1946-1952.2005"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/aem.71.4.1946-1952.2005","relation":{},"ISSN":["0099-2240","1098-5336"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0099-2240","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-5336","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2005,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2004-02-17","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2004-11-02","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2005-04-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}