{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T09:13:19Z","timestamp":1791191599264,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,5,1]],"date-time":"2006-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1146441600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Appl Environ Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:italic>Wolbachia<\/jats:italic>\n            spp. are obligate maternally inherited endosymbiotic bacteria that infect diverse arthropods and filarial nematodes. Previous microscopic and molecular studies have identified\n            <jats:italic>Wolbachia<\/jats:italic>\n            in several bed bug species (Cimicidae), but little is known about how widespread\n            <jats:italic>Wolbachia<\/jats:italic>\n            infections are among the Cimicidae. Because cimicids of non-medical importance are not commonly collected, we hypothesized that preserved museum specimens could be assayed for\n            <jats:italic>Wolbachia<\/jats:italic>\n            infections. For the screening of museum specimens, we designed a set of primers that specifically amplify small diagnostic fragments (130 to 240 bp) of the\n            <jats:italic>Wolbachia<\/jats:italic>\n            16S rRNA gene. Using these and other previously published primers, we screened 39 cimicid species (spanning 16 genera and all 6 recognized subfamilies) and 2 species of the sister family Polyctenidae for\n            <jats:italic>Wolbachia<\/jats:italic>\n            infections using museum and wild-caught material. Amplified fragments were sequenced to confirm that our primers were amplifying\n            <jats:italic>Wolbachia<\/jats:italic>\n            DNA. We identified 10 infections, 8 of which were previously undescribed. Infections in the F supergroup were common in the subfamily Cimicinae, while infections in the A supergroup were identified in the subfamilies Afrocimicinae and Haematosiphoninae. Even though specimens were degraded, we detected infections in over 23% of cimicid species. Our results indicate that\n            <jats:italic>Wolbachia<\/jats:italic>\n            infections may be common among cimicids and that archived museum material is a useful untapped resource for invertebrate endosymbiont surveys. The new screening primers listed in this report will be useful for other researchers conducting\n            <jats:italic>Wolbachia<\/jats:italic>\n            surveys with specimens with less-than-optimum DNA quality.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.72.5.3161-3167.2006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,5,4]],"date-time":"2006-05-04T02:49:21Z","timestamp":1146710961000},"page":"3161-3167","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["<i>Wolbachia<\/i>\n            Infections in the Cimicidae: Museum Specimens as an Untapped Resource for Endosymbiont Surveys"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"72","author":[{"given":"Joyce M.","family":"Sakamoto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julie","family":"Feinstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ambrose Monell Collection for Molecular and Microbial Research, Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, New York 10024"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jason L.","family":"Rasgon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, The Johns Hopkins Malaria Research Institute, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21205"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182000012270"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1096-9896(2000)9999:9999<::AID-PATH768>3.0.CO;2-C"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0169-4758(93)90142-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00284-005-0084-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/m73-171"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","first-page":"95","volume":"41","year":"1999","unstructured":"Hall, T. A. 1999. BioEdit: a user-friendly biological sequence alignment editor and analysis program for Windows 95\/98\/NT. Nucleic Acids Symp. 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